Noninvasive and real‐time cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement realizes the idea of unobtrusive and continuous BP monitoring which is essential for diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases associated with hypertension. In this paper, a wearable sensor patch system that integrates flexible piezoresistive sensor (FPS) and epidermal electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors for cuffless BP measurement is presented. By developing parametric models on the FPS sensing mechanism and optimizing operational conditions, a highly stable epidermal pulse monitoring method is established and beat‐to‐beat BP measurement from the ECG and epidermal pulse signals is demonstrated. In particular, this study highlights the compromise between sensor sensitivity and signal stability. As compared with the current optical‐based cuffless BP measurement devices, the sensing patch requires much lower power consumption (3 nW) and is capable of detecting subtle physiological signal variations, e.g., pre and postexercises, thus providing a promising solution for low‐power, real‐time, and home‐based BP monitoring.

Hereditary spherocytosis is an inherited red blood cell membrane disorder resulting from mutations of genes encoding erythrocyte membrane and cytoskeletal proteins. Few equipments can observe the structural characteristics of hereditary spherocytosis directly expect for atomic force microscopy In our study, we proved atomic force microscopy is a powerful and sensitive instrument to describe the characteristics of hereditary spherocytosis. Erythrocytes from hereditary spherocytosis patients were small spheroidal, lacking a well-organized lattice on the cell membrane, with smaller cell surface particles and had reduced valley to peak distance and average cell membrane roughness vs. those from healthy individuals. These observations indicated defects in the certain cell membrane structural proteins such as α- and β-spectrin, ankyrin, etc. Until now, splenectomy is still the most effective treatment for symptoms relief for hereditary spherocytosis. In this study, we further solved the mysteries of membrane nanostructure changes of erythrocytes before and after splenectomy in hereditary spherocytosis by atomic force microscopy. After splenectomy, the cells were larger, but still spheroidal-shaped. The membrane ultrastructure was disorganized and characterized by a reduced surface particle size and lower than normal Ra values. These observations indicated that although splenectomy can effectively relieve the symptoms of hereditary spherocytosis, it has little effect on correction of cytoskeletal membrane defects of hereditary spherocytosis. We concluded that atomic force microscopy is a powerful tool to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of hereditary spherocytosis and to monitor treatment efficacy in clinical practices. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to study hereditary spherocytosis with atomic force microscopy and offers important mechanistic insight into the underlying role of splenectomy.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the value of systemic [F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of aplastic anemia (AA). Systemic PET/CT imaging results of 24 patients diagnosed with AA in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between May 2011 and August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with results from healthy individuals and patients with acute leukemia (AL) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in the same period to summarize the PET/CT characteristics of patients with AA. Systemic PET/CT manifestations of the 24 patients with AA were classified into three types: Normal bone marrow metabolism, hypometabolism and hypometabolism complicated by focal hyperproliferation. Focal hyperproliferation was frequently identified in the vertebral body, breast bones and iliac bones. Bone marrow maximum standardized uptake values (SUV) of AA were associated, to certain extents, with the degree of proliferation and the bone marrow T/B cell ratio. The overall bone marrow SUV of AA were lower compared with those of healthy individuals and AL or patients with MDS, indicating hypometabolism. Considering the T/B cell ratio, systemic PET/CT manifestations of patients with AA are able to predict treatment responses to certain degrees. Systemic PET/CT is highly valuable in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of AA, and may also indicate treatment responses.

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Colorectal cancer has the second highest incidence of malignant tumors and is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in China. Early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer will lead to an improvement in the 5-year survival rate, which will reduce medical costs. The current diagnostic methods for early colorectal cancer include excreta, blood, endoscopy, and computer-aided endoscopy. In this paper, research on image analysis and prediction of colorectal cancer lesions based on deep learning is reviewed with the goal of providing a reference for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer lesions by combining computer technology, 3D modeling, 5G remote technology, endoscopic robot technology, and surgical navigation technology. The findings will supplement the research and provide insights to improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality of colorectal cancer.