The structural deformations caused by environmental changes in temperature, vibration, and other factors are harmful to the stability of high precision measurement equipment. The stability and optimal design method of a 2D optoelectronic angle sensor have been investigated in this study. The drift caused by structural deformations of the angle sensor has been studied and a drift error model has been achieved. Key components sensitive to thermal and vibrational effects were identified by error sensitivity analysis and simulation. The mounts of key components were analyzed using finite element analysis software and optimized based on the concept of symmetric structures. Stability experiments for the original and optimized angle sensors have been carried out for contrast. As a result, the stability of the optimized angle sensor has been improved by more than 63%. It is verified that the modeling and optimal design method is effective and low-cost, which can also be applied to improve the stability of other sensors with much more complex principles and structures.
A sensitivity- and resolution-improving method for a low-frequency micro-vibration accelerometer is presented in this paper. A sensitivity model of the measurement system is derived and established. The key parameters that limit the sensitivity and the resolution of the accelerometer were identified through the sensitivity coefficient analysis method. The structural parameters and the signal process method were then optimized. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of the accelerometer has improved from 1.10 V/(m/s2) to 19.21 V/(m/s2), and the resolution has improved from 1.47 mm/s2 to 0.21 mm/s2. The lowest working frequency range has expanded from 1 Hz to 0.7 Hz. The presented method is effective and cheap and can be applied to other sensors.
The accuracy of measurement instruments, as well as that of their components, gradually declines as time goes on. Due to different loss mechanisms and the allowable accuracy loss values, the accuracy lifetimes of a whole system and its components are generally nonuniform, which lead to the waste of resources and costs. In this paper, a novel design method based on the uniform accuracy lifetime principle is presented to avoid the waste of resources. After giving and determining the uniformity and accuracy loss weights, optimal design models are established, and the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method is employed to solve the models. A design example is presented to verify the effectiveness of the design model and the solution method. Using this method, the minimum accuracy lifetime of the whole system extends from 73.07 weeks to 200 weeks, and the uniformity improves from 0.75 to 0.96. The proposed method can be used in practice to achieve the target of uniform accuracy lifetimes for measurement systems because it is easy for manufacturers to obtain the average loss velocities of different components. The implementation of the optimization method will greatly help to save resources and improve the utilization efficiency of instruments or equipment.
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