The present study considers the causes of precipitation of dissolved salts from the reservoir water and at the current modeling solutions of the phenomenon using existing commercial reservoir simulators. Consequently, we investigate the capabilities of ECLIPSE family of simulators in terms of showing the salt falling out of solution in the near wellbore region and across the reservoir as we deplete it. The work has been undertaken due to the fact that the wells� production coming from mature dry gas reservoirs is much affected by this salt precipitation, both in the wellbore and near wellbore region, and in order to know when to intervene the well for sweet water washing of these deposits. This is the first successful approach in using Schlumberger�s ECLIPSE Thermal CO2STORE and Petrel, as a pre/post processor, in order to determine when salt falls out of solution.
In the course of gas production from reservoirs across the world, salt precipitation from the reservoir water is observed to an increasing extent as recovery progresses. This phenomenon, likewise, occurs during the injection of dry gas into porous aquifers. Salt deposits can form in the production string, in the perforation zone as well as in the area of the reservoir surrounding the well [1]. A better understanding of salt precipitation phenomena along with the conditions under which this takes place is needed for a better productivity control [2]. Simulating the process and taking actions as necessary may reduce or even eliminate the necessity for down-hole fresh water washes and, in turn, minimize the overall production losses. Input for this simulation are also the Water-Vapour Phase Equilibrium Coefficients. This article presents a methodology on how to obtain these coefficients for different temperatures using commercial simulators.
During current times, it is acknowledged that there is the often presence of extreme meteorological phenomena including floods and landslides, due to heavy rains, large wildfires, due to heat or droughts, permafrost melting, etc. At this stage, the world admits that anthropic activities have an important impact on these phenomena and considers that greenhouse gases are at the core of this climate change. The most common greenhouse gasses have general formulae COX and/or NOX, and they are released during different energy generating/conversion processes such as electric energy generation from fossil fuels or mechanical energy obtained from by-products of fossil fuels. Once acknowledged, the world’s countries have developed long-term strategies to eliminate gradually the release of these gases directly into Earth’s atmosphere. E.g., the EU aims to be climate-neutral by 2050; i.e., its economy will have net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. For this to happen, different effective methodologies have been drafted and implemented with underground gas storage in hydrocarbon depleted geological formations and/or saline aquifers being ones of significance when it comes to electric energy generation from fossil fuels in controlled spaces. The paper presents the simulation of capturing and injecting of these greenhouse gases through injection wells in neighboring depleted natural gas reservoirs using commercial numerical simulators for the Iernut natural gas (CH4) burning power plant which is one of Romania’s most important gas plants. Within this simulation study, the total CO2 quantity that can be stored via the proposed carbon capture and sequestration study and the proportion of each of the three CO2 storage mechanisms involved in the process (physical trapping, hydrodynamic trapping, and geochemical trapping) were determined and presented. Even though previous local studies investigated the potential of CO2 storage and sequestration into the Romanian underground reservoirs, none of it considered using the depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs surrounding the Iernut power plant for this process.
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