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Mushrooms represent a large family of fleshy fungi that have been of high interest since ancient ages due to their medicinal and nutritional importance. Therefore, it can represent a significant source of bioactive compounds in malaria control. The few numbers of studies on <i>in vitro</i> antiplasmodial and insecticidal properties of their extracts and chemical constituents led to interesting results reported in numerous scientific publications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive compilation of literature up to 2021 on the antiplasmodial, insecticidal as well as cytotoxic chemical constituents of medicinal mushrooms that can help in the management of malaria both against the parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and the mosquitoe <i>Anopheles stephensis</i> acting as a vector of malaria through its bites. For this purpose, some searches have been done in some online libraries using keywords like Basidiomycete, mushroom, malaria, <i>Plasmodium</i>, <i>Anopheles</i> and antiplasmodial without language restriction. Among the reported compounds, 51 selected ones displayed significant antiplasmodial potency with IC₅₀ values lower than 10 μM against <i>P. falciparum</i> strains sensitive or resistant to chloroquine. For instance, ganoderic acid AW1 demonstrated a strong antiplasmodial activity with IC₅₀ of 257.8 nM against <i>P. falciparum</i> D6, while strong activities were displayed by ganoweberianones A (IC₅₀ = 0.050 μM) and B (IC₅₀ = 0.46 μM) against <i>P. falciparum</i> K1. Moreover, some mushroom methanol extracts demonstrated good larvicidal and ovicidal activities against <i>Anopheles stephensis</i>. This paper provides further insights into the development of new antiplasmodial drugs or new potent eco-friendly pesticides to control mosquito vectors.

Aridanin, a triterpenoid N-acetylglycoside has been obtained from chemical investigations of the root of <i>Tetrapleura tetraptera</i>, a well-known seasoning spice from Cameroonian food. The structure of the compound has been established using its NMR data and by comparison of that data with the one reported in the literature. Further evidence has been compiled from literature and discussed on the occurrence, the extraction, isolation and analytical techniques as well as the reported biological activities of aridanin. Based on its potency and its high yield in <i>Tetrapleura tetraptera</i> fruits, the compound can be considered as lead compound in the development of medicine for the control of schistosomiasis and bacterial infections caused by the bacterial strains<i>E. coli</i>, <i>E. smartii</i> and <i>E. aeroginese</i>. this paper sheds light on the compound aridanin which deserves more attention in the development of a new potent drug or on the formulation of <i>Tetrapleura tetraptera</i> for effective use by the local population.

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