With the large number of individuals infected and recovered from Covid-19, there is intense discussion about the quality and duration of the immunity elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the possibility of disease recurrence. Here we report a case with strong clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial evidence of, not only reinfection by SARS-CoV-2, but also clinical recurrence of Covid-19.

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine whether PRENACEL (a bi-directional, mobile-phone based, short text message service (SMS)) increases the coverage of recommended antenatal care (ANC) practices.MethodsA parallel, cluster-randomized trial in which 20 public primary Health Care Units (PHCUs) were randomly allocated to the intervention (10 PHCUs) or control (10 PHCUs) group. The study population included pregnant women aged 18 or above with a gestational age of 20 weeks or less. Pregnant women receiving ANC in intervention PHCUs were invited through leaflets and posters to register in PRENACEL. Women who registered in PRENACEL received a weekly set of short text messages with health education and health promotion content related to pregnancy and childbirth and were also able to clarify ANC queries through SMS. All women received routine ANC. The primary outcome was the proportion of women with high ANC Score, a composite measure of coverage of recommended ANC practices. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests and multivariate log-binomial regression were used to analyze the outcomes.ResultsA total of 1210 eligible women received ANC in the participating PHCUs and took part of this study (770 in the intervention group and 440 in the control group). 20.4% (157/770) of intervention-group women registered in PRENACEL, but only 116 read all messages (73.9% of women who registered in PRENACEL, 116/157). The adjusted intention-to-treat analysis suggested no difference between intervention and control groups in the primary outcome (Adjusted Relative Risk (AdjRR): 1.05 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.00–1.09). Both crude and adjusted per-protocol analysis suggested a positive effect of PRENACEL (Crude RR (95% CI): 1.14 (1.06–1.22), AdjRR (95% CI): 1.12 (1.05–1.21). The multivariate analysis also suggests that the PRENACEL group (women who read all SMS) had higher mean ANC score [48.5 (±4.2) vs 45.2 (±8.7), p < 0.01], higher proportion of women with ≥6 ANC visits (96.9% vs. 84.8%, p = 0.01), and higher rates of syphilis testing (40.5% vs. 24.8%, p = 0.03) and HIV testing (46.6% vs. 25.7%, p < 0.01) during ANC.ConclusionsA bi-directional, mobile-phone based, short text message service is potentially useful to improve the coverage of recommended ANC practices, including syphilis and HIV testing.Trial registrationClinical trial registry: RBR-54zf73, U1111–1163-7761.ResumoIntroduçãoO objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se o PRENACEL, um serviço bidirecional de mensagens curtas de texto (SMS) com base na telefonia celular, aumenta a cobertura das práticas recomendadas de cuidados pré-natais (PN).Métodosum ensaio paralelo, aleatorizado por conglomerados, no qual 20 unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) foram alocadas aleatoriamente para o grupo de intervenção (10 UBS) ou controle (10 UBS). A população estudada incluiu gestantes com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos com idade gestacional de 20 semanas ou menos. As gestantes que receberam PN em UBS intervenção foram convidadas através de folhetos e cartazes para se inscreverem n...

To describe the medium-term ophthalmological findings in patients recovering from COVID-19. Patients recovered from the acute phase of COVID-19 underwent a complete ophthalmological evaluation, including presenting and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractometry, biomicroscopy, tonometry, break-up time and Schirmer tests, indirect ophthalmoscopy, color fundus picture, and retinal architecture evaluation using optical coherence tomography. Socio-demographic data and personal medical history were also collected. According to the severity of systemic manifestations, patients were classified into mild-to-moderate, severe, and critical. Sixty-four patients (128 eyes) were evaluated 82 ± 36.4 days after the onset of COVID’s symptoms. The mean ± SD duration of hospitalization was 15.0 ± 10.7 days. Seven patients (10.9%) had mild-to-moderate, 33 (51.5%) severe, and 24 (37.5%) critical disease. Median [interquartile ranges (IQR)] presenting visual acuity was 0.1 (0–0.2) and BCVA 0 (0–0.1). Anterior segment biomicroscopy was unremarkable, except for dry eye disease, verified in 10.9% of them. The mean ± SD intraocular pressure (IOP) in critical group (14.16 ± 1.88 mmHg) was significantly higher than in severe group (12.51 ± 2.40 mmHg), both in the right (p 0.02) and left eyes (p 0.038). Among all, 15.6% had diabetic retinopathy, and two patients presented with discrete white-yellowish dots in the posterior pole, leading to hyporreflective changes at retinal pigment epithelium level, outer segment, and ellipsoid layers. The present study identified higher IOP among critical cases, when compared to severe cases, and discrete outer retina changes 80 days after COVID-19 infection. No sign of uveitis was found.

We conducted a prospective cohort study in a population with diverse ethnic backgrounds from Brazil to assess clinically meaningful symptoms after surviving coronavirus disease. For most of the 175 patients in the study, clinically meaningful symptoms, including fatigue, dyspnea, cough, headache, and muscle weakness, persisted for > 120 days after disease onset.

Resumo: Este estudo objetivou investigar a ocorrência de morbidade materna grave, os critérios diagnósticos mais frequentes e a qualidade da assistência obstétrica nos hospitais públicos de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa de vigilância das morbidades maternas graves, utilizando os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) para condições potencialmente ameaçadoras à vida e near miss materno. Os casos foram identificados entre 1º de agosto de 2015 e 2 de fevereiro de 2016. Participaram 259 mulheres com morbidade materna grave (condições potencialmente ameaçadoras à vida/near miss materno) durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal, internadas para o parto nas quatro instituições públicas com assistência obstétrica no município. Realizou-se análise descritiva a partir das frequências absolutas e relativas dos critérios diagnósticos para condições potencialmente ameaçadoras à vida e near miss materno, além da descrição das mulheres pesquisadas (caracterização sociodemográfica, antecedentes obstétricos, assistência pré-natal e ao parto). Indicadores de qualidade da assistência estabelecidos pela OMS a partir da morbimortalidade também foram calculados. Ocorreram 3.497 partos, 3.502 nascidos vivos em todos os hospitais do município, 2 mortes maternas e 19 near miss materno. A razão do near miss materno foi de 5,4 casos por 1.000 nascidos vivos, e a razão de mortalidade materna foi de 57,1 óbitos por 100 mil nascidos vivos. A taxa de mortalidade entre os casos com desfecho materno grave (somados os casos de near miss materno e morte materna) foi de 9,5%. Observou-se importante frequência de casos de condições potencialmente ameaçadoras à vida e near miss materno no presente estudo. A ocorrência de óbitos por causas hemorrágicas mostra a necessidade de melhoria da qualidade da assistência prestada. Os resultados poderão contribuir para o aprimoramento da política local de assistência obstétrica.

Palravas-chave: envolvimento paterno, pré-natal, mHealth, mensagens de texto, SMS 8 ABSTRACT BONIFÁCIO, L. P. Prenatal care of partner: use the PRENACEL strategy to improve the male involvement in prenatal care 2018. 130 f. Tese (Doutorado) -Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2018. Introduction:The partner accompanying the prenatal care, birth and postpartum care of the woman has presented positive results in relation to mother and child health and also in relation to the health of the man. This is an important strategy to bring future fathers closer to health services and to improve their link with paternity.Aim: To evaluate whether the implementation of SMS technology, through the PRENACEL program for the partner as a health education program, is a useful supplement to standard prenatal monitoring. Method: A parallel cluster randomized trial, with the clusters representing health units. The partners of the pregnant women who started prenatal care prior to the 20 th week of gestation were the study population of the intervention group. The participants received periodic short text messages via mobile phone with information about the pregnancy and birth. In the control group units the partners, together with the women, received the standard prenatal care. Results: 186 partners were interviewed, 62 from the PRENACEL group, 73 from the intervention group that did not opt for PRENACEL and 51 from the control group. A profile with a mean age of 30 years was found and the majority of respondents (51%) declared themselves as brown race/color. The interviewees presented a mean of 9.3 years of study. The majority of the men (57.5%) cohabited with their partner and 63.7% were classified as socioeconomic class C. The adherence to the PRENACEL program was 53.4%. There was a greater participation of the PRENACEL partners in the prenatal consultations, as well as a greater presence of them accompanying the woman at the moment of the birth when compared to the other groups. Conclusion: The study showed that a health education strategy using communication technology seems to have good acceptability and a promising role in engaging men in the prenatal care, birth and postpartum care of their partners.

Resumo: O PRENACEL é uma pesquisa que incorpora duas abordagens inovadoras para a saúde materna e perinatal: a necessidade de melhorar os níveis de satisfação das mulheres com a experiência do parto; e, a avaliação de impactos do uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação em saúde. Trata-se de um programa de comunicação via mensagens curtas de textos no celular desenvolvido para gestantes brasileiras atendidas no pré-natal do Sistema Único de Saúde. Nesta análise, pretende-se determinar se o programa contribui positivamente para a percepção das mulheres de sentirem-se melhor preparadas para o parto. Um ensaio aleatorizado por conglomerados foi realizado em 20 unidades de saúde da atenção primária de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, entre 2015 e 2016. Dados de entrevista e revisão de prontuários foram coletados de 1210 mulheres. Estes foram submetidos a dois modelos de análise, por protocolo e intenção de tratamento. Receber informações do programa PRENACEL durante a gestação foi associado a um aumento na percepção das mulheres de se sentirem melhor preparadas para o parto, e na percepção de que o pré-natal colabora para que se sintam mais preparadas. Também foram observados impactos positivos no estabelecimento do contato pele a pele e aleitamento materno em sala de parto e no conhecimento sobre intervenções obstétricas. Não foram encontradas diferenças nos demais desfechos maternos e perinatais avaliados, incluindo a satisfação das mulheres com o atendimento ao parto. O PRENACEL pode contribuir com a ampliação do acesso das mulheres a informações que lhes sejam estratégicas para que se sintam mais bem preparadas para a experiência do parto.

Background: The partner has an important role when he participates of the prenatal care as showed in the positive results relate to the mother and the child health. For this reason it is an important strategy to bring future fathers closer to health services and to improve their link with paternity. Aim: To evaluate whether the implementation of SMS technology, through the PRENACEL program for the partner as a health education program, is a useful supplement to the standard prenatal monitoring. Methods: A parallel cluster randomized trial was carried out, with the clusters representing primary care health units. The 20 health units with the largest number of pregnant women in 2013 were selected for the study. There was a balance of the health units according to the size of the affiliated population and the vulnerability situation and these were allocated in intervention and control health units by the randomization. The partners of the pregnant women who started prenatal care prior to the 20th week of gestation were the study population of the intervention group. The participants received periodic short text messages via mobile phone with information about the pregnancy and birth. In the control group units the partners, together with the women, received the standard prenatal care. Results: One hundred eighty-six partners were interviewed, 62 from the PRENACEL group, 73 from the intervention group that did not opt for PRENACEL and 51 from the control group. A profile with a mean age of 30 years was found and the majority of respondents (51.3%) declared themselves as brown race/color. The interviewees presented a mean of 9.3 years of study. The majority of the men (95.2%) cohabited with their partner and 63.7% were classified as socioeconomic class C. The adherence to the PRENACEL program was 53.4%. In relation to the individual results, there was a greater participation of the PRENACEL partners in the prenatal consultations, as well as a greater presence of them accompanying the woman at the moment of the childbirth when compared to the other groups. Conclusion: The study showed that a health education strategy using communication technology seems to be a useful prenatal care supplement; the intervention had a good acceptability and has a promising role in men's involvement in prenatal, labour and postpartum care of their partners.