Objectives: describe the frequency of maternal stress and psychic risk indicators in newborns who were exposed to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after hospital discharge. Methods: observational, analytical, cohort study, sample of 26 participants (13 exposed and 13 not exposed to the NICU). Maternal stress was assessed by Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL) (Lipp’s Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults) and psychological risk by Indicadores Clínicos de Risco para o Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDI) (Clinical Risk Indicators for Child Development), 15 days after hospital discharge and at 4 months of corrected age. Results: the study found a frequency of stress of 23.1% in mothers of newborns who were exposed to NICUs and 38.5% of psychological risk in these newborns. The following associations were found: maternal stress and newborn exposure to the NICU (p=0.037); maternal stress and newborn exposure time to NICU (p=0.031); psychological risk and prematurity (p=0.014). There were no association between psychic risk and maternal stress; and there was no diference in the frequency of psychological risk between the groups of newborns. Conclusions: newborn hospitalization in the NICU is associated with maternal stress, but not with psychological risk. Prematurity can cause psychological risk. Maternal stress was not associated with psychological risk.
Objetivo: Comparar a evolução dos indicadores de estado nutricional e os hábitos alimentares entre recém-nascidos pré-termo (RNPT) e recém-nascidos a termo (RNT). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo observacional, analítico, coorte, com coleta de dados ambispectiva. A coleta de dados ocorreu em Mafra-SC através de dados de identificação, avaliação nutricional, avaliação antropométrica e avaliação da mamada, desde o momento da alta hospitalar até os seis meses de vida de idade corrigida. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 80 recém-nascidos, sendo 40 RNPT e 40 RNT. Na comparação das medidas antropométricas ocorreu ganho significativo de peso, comprimento e perímetro cefálico nos dois grupos. A mediana de escore-Z de peso e comprimento ao nascimento foi adequada, indicando um bom ganho de peso e crescimento linear. Quanto a frequência de aleitamento materno exclusivo, aos 6 meses apenas 20% dos RNT e nenhum RNPT (p < 0,001) estavam em aleitamento materno exclusivo e a frequência de dificuldade na amamentação foi baixa nos dois grupos. Conclusão: Apesar das avaliações antropométricas serem semelhantes, a prática do aleitamento materno até os 6 meses de vida está aquém do esperado, principalmente nos RNPT.
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