Global digitization forces modern enterprises to respond to the rapid changes in the external environment and adapt to it. As a result, existing business models are being transformed in the areas of production, promotion, communication, calculations, interaction with partners and consumers. In this context, there is growing scientific interest in exploring theoretical and practical aspects of the economy digitization and its impact on the peculiarities of the economic entities functioning. Features of functioning of classical and digital economic entities on the basis of criterion approach have been investigated, using the following criteria: factors of production, form of business organization, location of workplace, production outcome, economic processes, connection with on-demand economy, methods of payment, relations with other enterprises, professions enhancing the image of the enterprise, communication method between employees, saving and processing of information, company promotion tools and consumer communication. The main statistical indicators of the digitalization impact on the activity of enterprises in the world and in Ukraine in 2018 have been analyzed. The feasibility of using digital economy tools has been outlined. Advantages and disadvantages of the impact of digital transformation space on the enterprise have been identified.
In this paper, the network readiness of the enterprises in Ukraine has been analyzed. National statistics data and international indices were used to measure and characterize fundamental changes in Ukraine at the economic and business levels. These changes are influenced by modern information technologies and new global information society tendencies. Indicators used to measure the network readiness of the enterprises were examined. Obtained results show positive dynamic improvement and simplification of enterprise activities under network economy growth in Ukraine. The detailed examination of individual indicators confirmed infrastructure and availability of digital content and prevalence of the business and innovation environment over the network economy's actual enterprise performance in 2018.An integral indicator was used to measure the level of actual use of information and communication technologies, the implementation of innovations, automated data exchange by national enterprises, and network readiness. The integral indicator of the enterprises' network readiness is a comprehensive summary of 46 components were grouped by authors into the following blocks: infrastructure and availability of digital content; business and innovation environment; business exploitation.The analysis of the selected block of indicators for 2010-2018 showed positive network readiness dynamics. The gap between the enterprises' network readiness at the regional and national levels was measured by calculating the distance between the network vector of a particular region and the average values in Ukraine. In 2018, the length of the network vector Aj was 57.27. Of the 622 enterprises surveyed, almost 94% used computers. Among the studied enterprises, a large proportion used the Internet to carry out banking operations and automated data exchange, receive tax forms, send or forward completed forms.A negative trend towards an increase in the gap between information and communication technologies at the regional and national levels has been revealed. The studied indices of the enterprises' network readiness in Ukraine enabled us to measure the level of digital infrastructure, business climate, business opportunities provided to some extent by information and communication technologies and the Internet, facilitating business operations and their quantity. The authors selected indices related to network readiness, analyzed the components which influence businesses and region capability to exploit information communication technologies to develop.
Innovative activity has always been a sphere of economic activity with a difficultly predicted ratio of costs to the resulting economic effect. The size of the costs of implementing innovative activities is often determined by many factors and the effective management of these costs determines the economic success of the organization. The volume of expendable resources is one of the most important indicators of the effectiveness of any enterprise, and the expenditure of money on innovative activities is also the basis of economic security of any organization. The effectiveness of cost management is determined by how little resources have been used up and how much effect has been achieved. Uncontrolled spending of resources, and senseless spending on the modernization of the entire range of products can lead to the collapse of even the most successful innovative enterprise. The economic security of any organization associated with innovation is primarily dependent on the effective management of the costs of implementing this innovation.
Purpose. To substantiate the proposals about priority directions of tax policy change in the information sphere for various sec tors of economy, in particular, mining industry. For development of proposals to analyze the current state of the information sphere, to identify and evaluate the possible risks from changes in taxation, to forecast tax rates using modern mathematical meth ods and algorithms, to set the limit for increasing the tax burden on experts in the information sector.Methodology. The improved method of modeling interval time series was used for prognostication of volume of tax receipts from experts in the information sector and the volume of export of information services. The parameter of volume of export matches the requirements for applying the specified method. This parameter applies to flow variables. The use of the interval series method gives an opportunity to get sums of their levels, which is convenient for solving the task of forecasting. As the model of the socalled mathematical apparatus of forecasting, "Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity" -UARUG (GARCH) was chosen, the Adaptive Rejection Metropolis Sampling (ARMS) was used. The use of ARMS makes provisions for the use of HastingsMetropolis and adaptive rejection sampling (ARS) methods. The obtained results were approximated to con struct analytical equations of predictive parameters over time.findings. A detailed analysis of the situation in the field of information services for various sectors of the economy, in particu lar, mining industry, was conducted. The risks of increasing the tax burden beyond certain boundary values were identified. The calculations of the forecast values of the volume of export of services and the amount of tax burden on the information sector up to 2025 were carried out. This made it possible to scientifically explain possible changes in the tax policy in the information sector. Suggestions for priority directions of tax policy change in the information sector for various sectors of economy, in particular, min ing industry, were given.originality. The specific proposals for priority directions of tax policy change in the information sphere for various sectors of economy are developed and substantiated. The limit of possible increase in taxation on experts in the information sector was grounded and the value of this limit was calculated for the first time. The improved interval time series modeling method was used to forecast the volume of the single social security tax of the future periods and the volume of export of IT services for the first time. In contrast to traditional methods, which rely on existing forecasts, the polynomial approach reducing the relative error is pro posed.Practical value. The detailed recommendations on tax policy change in the field of information services for various sectors of the economy, in particular, the mining industry are given. The need for a change in tax policy, for individual entrepreneurs in particular, is pointed out. It is noted that the pr...
Ukraine is known for its extremely fertile and high-yielding black soil. This incredible national wealth is also the reason for significant interest on the part of private agribusiness companies and international investors, who today consider Ukraine a strategic partner in addressing global food security. The socio-economic factors determining the state of agribusiness are well known, however, they affect this area in different ways in different countries. The purpose of the academic paper lies in representing the author’s concept of the socio-economic conditions under which the transformation of agribusiness in a developing country takes place, in which the agricultural sector is a priority. Methodology. The authors put forward a hypothesis that the solution to this problem requires the development of agribusiness, a promising tool for which is financial support, including on the part of the state. In the process of conducting the research, in order to test the hypothesis outlined, the authors use methods of modelling socio-economic systems, as well as systemic, problematic analysis, methods of statistical analysis, induction and deduction. Results. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the most important problem for the development of agribusiness in Ukraine is the lack and low availability of financial resources, which is caused by the high seasonality of the business, its low profitability and, accordingly, its low investment attractiveness. Integration of agribusiness spheres will help to solve this problem and increase the availability of financial resources for agricultural enterprises, which allows modernizing equipment and production technology, reducing production costs, increasing profitability and competitiveness. The academic paper considers the features of the socio-economic environment in which the agribusiness of Ukraine operates, noting the state of the agricultural market and the largest players on it. It has been determined by trend analysis that while maintaining existing trends, the volume of capital investment in agriculture by 2030 may increase by almost 1,8 times compared to 2020. Along with this, the main negative factors of agribusiness determining its effectiveness have been outlined, namely: significant fluctuations in world food prices and the devaluation of the national currency; import dependence on certain groups of goods and the raw material nature of exports of agricultural products and a significant percentage of production of certain types of agricultural products in households. By the way, the academic paper has also considered the impact of the most significant factor of influence in 2020-2021 - the pandemic, which has significantly changed the ratio of supply and demand in agricultural markets and caused changes in the commodity structure of exports. It is also concluded that agribusiness in this socio-economic situation remains profitable and requires the revival of financial support for this important sector of the national economy.
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