The article presents a scientific discussion on trends and prospects for product innovation in the tourism business. The main objective of the study is to substantiate the nature and role of innovative tourism products in improving the efficiency of economic and product activities of tourism enterprises, the need for their implementation in tourism at its present stage in Ukraine. Analysis of literature sources and existing approaches to solving the problem of implementation of innovative products by tourism enterprises allowed us to formulate conceptual tools in this area, taking into account industry specifics, to characterize the types of product innovations of tourism enterprises. The topicality of solving this scientific problem boils down to the fact that in conditions of competition, the development of tourism business is ensured primarily by the use of product innovations by tourism enterprises, the introduction of effective ways to implement priority areas of innovation. The study of the problem of implementation of innovative tourist products in the practical activities of enterprises is carried out in the following logical sequence: the subject matter and types of innovative tourist products have been analysed, the main prerequisites for their implementation in the activities of enterprises have been defined; the main trends in the development of innovations in the tourism business of Ukraine, in particular, new tourism products and innovative approaches used to retain regular customers and attract new ones in a competitive environment; an optimal model of implementation of innovative tourist products has been developed. The methodological tools of the conducted study were general theoretical and specific methods, in particular, logical and dialectical, graphoanalytical method, method of scientific abstraction, systemic and integrated approaches. The study covered the period of 2010—2019. The object of research is an innovative tourist product that allowed implementation of its model taking into account the effect of external and internal environment. The article presents the results of empirical analysis of the main trends in the development of innovation at the present stage of development of the tourism business in Ukraine. In addition, there are reasons that inhibit innovation in tourism, which must be taken into account for the development and implementation of innovative tourist products. The study theoretically proves and supports that the development of innovative activities and the introduction of innovative tourist products provide tourism enterprises with competitive advantages. The results of the study can be useful in the practical work of travel agencies that seek to create a portfolio of innovative products and increase the efficiency of their activities.
Enterprises in the tourism industry quite often fall into crisis situations, as well as require the adoption of management decisions that negatively affect their economic security. The purpose of the article is to study the management of the system of economic security of economic entities enterprises of the tourism industry, as well as to determine the peculiarities of management decision-making in crisis conditions. The methodological basis of the conducted research was general scientific and specific research methods, namely: analysis and synthesis, visualization, systematization, logical presentation and generalization. The dynamism and change of factors affecting the functioning of enterprises, including the tourism industry, determine the expediency of forming the ability of the enterprise to respond promptly to various dangers, threats, risks of both the external and internal environment. The specified capacity of the enterprise should be provided by the economic security management system, in particular, taking into account anti-crisis management in it, which gives the enterprise additional advantages in the competitive struggle for achieving the strategic goal, the effectiveness of operational tasks. The level of economic security directly depends on the organizational and management model used by the top management of the enterprise. The modern business model of the enterprise must be able to predict the occurrence, implementation and impact of dangers, threats and risks, predicting the ability to neutralize catastrophic threats and eliminate material and non-material losses. The article proposes a general structural and logical scheme for making managerial decisions in the context of managing the economic security system in crisis conditions. The main tools of anti-crisis management of a tourist enterprise are systematized, namely: risk management in tourism; reengineering of business processes of a tourist enterprise; strategic management of a tourist enterprise; benchmarking in the context of anti-crisis management at a tourist enterprise; restructuring of the tourist enterprise; bankruptcy management (liquidation of the enterprise).
Вчені записки Університету «КРОК» ғ1 (61), 2021 155propositions for niche tourism development will allow activating regional tourism, protecting interests of tourism business subjects in difficult pandemic conditions, and increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of regional tourism in Ukraine.
The objective of the research is to develop and substantiate the UNESCO heritage popularization model in the system of training tourism specialists. The research methodology is based on the use of various scientific methods, general and special ones, including such as a method of system and structural analysis used in the development of descriptive content of the model; a method of sociological survey, which helped to study the opinion of applicants for higher education as well as graduates on the importance of UNESCO heritage in tourism; a method of scientific generalization, which contributed to the conclusion statements and the research results, etc. Results. The UNESCO heritage popularization model in the system of training of tourism specialists, which is based on the practice-oriented activities of the Tourism Department, has been proposed and substantiated. The model consists of three structural components, including descriptive, procedural, and effective ones, and suggests the subject matter of the relevant training of students for forming their professional competencies. The need of relevant requirements for the successful implementation of the model is emphasized, i.e., of motivation, teamwork, and professional environment. It was found that the formation of a competitive tourism product regarding the use of UNESCO heritage requires relevant professional competencies, which can be more effectively formed in the implementation process of the above model. The results of the sociological survey of applicants and graduates showed their high level of motivation for the proposed topic. Scientific novelty. Based on practical experience, the UNESCO heritage popularization model in the system of training tourism specialists has been developed, substantiated and implemented. Practical significance. The research materials can be used in the system of training tourism specialists in higher educational institutions.
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