Among the many analytical categories bequeathed by linguistics to the study of dialogue, some inadvertently conceal more than they reveal. In addition to instantiating such fictions as speaker and listener or langue and parole, these categories tend to privilege the study of syntax over semantics, utterance over gesture, speaking over listening, and words over everything else. Moreover, our underlying models tend to depict dialogue spatially as a series of sequential exchanges between individual subjects wherein voices are construed in terms of positions, utterances as message-objects, and time as a unidirectional linear sequence. To open up this seemingly solid spatiality, this article reckons with the polymodal, polyphonic, and polychronic aspects of human communication by introducing a concept I call interlistening: movements of dense interactional synchrony wherein listening, speaking, and thinking co-occur with rhythmically textured and cacaphonously con-fused temporality.
This article explores a perspective on listening, called listening being, which resides beyond the limitations of language, dualism, and conceptual thought. As a dwelling place for human being, listening being can reveal the ethical possibilities that arise when listening begins not from a speaking, but from the emptiness of awareness itself. This perhaps utopian vision of listening is not an actual state or principle, but a horizon toward which we might travel. Listening being is thus a philosophical challenge that invites us to rethink communication through the lens of listening and engage with/in a form of human communication and consciousness beyond discursive thought, to places of understanding that language cannot, as yet, reach. Eastern religious philosophy, this article explores a perspective on listening, called listening being, which resides beyond the limitations of language, dualism, and conceptual thought. As a dwelling place for human being, listening being can reveal the ethical possibilities that arise when listening begins not from a speaking, but from the emptiness of awareness itself-a place from which human beings can both be and become. This perhaps utopian vision of listening is not an actual state or principle, but a horizon toward which we might travel. Listening being is thus a philosophical challenge that invites us to rethink communication through the lens of listening and engage with/in a form of human communication and consciousness beyond discursive thought, to places of understanding that language cannot, as yet, reach. ListeningIn the English language, as with the German language, we have two words: hearing and listening. The verb to hear derives from the Middle English heren, Old High
This article presents a discourse model of polling that investigates what poll discourse is, how it is structured and how it functions. In contrast to most polling research, which presupposes polling to be primarily a psychological measurement tool, this article explores how it is primarily a discursive form of social interaction. Using the tools of discourse analysis, the model reveals that far from reflecting the beliefs and preferences of citizens, poll questions can instead tacitly evoke and sustain conservative and status quo ideologies. Hence polls can play a significant role in constructing what is admissible and legitimate in political discourse.
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