Pregnancy is associated with reduced postprandial GLP-1 responses (most pronounced in patients with GDM) that normalize after delivery. In contrast, postprandial GIP responses seem unaffected by pregnancy but is increased in GDM patients.
Normal pregnancy is associated with increased circulating chemerin levels, which may act to reduce pregnancy-induced insulin resistance and prevent glucose intolerance. Women with gestational diabetes, however, have severely reduced chemerin levels that remain low after delivery, which may contribute to the insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and high type 2 diabetes risk associated with gestational diabetes.
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