In situ digital inline holography is a technique which can be used to acquire high‐resolution imagery of plankton and examine their spatial and temporal distributions within the water column in a nonintrusive manner. However, for effective expert identification of an organism from digital holographic imagery, it is necessary to apply a computationally expensive numerical reconstruction algorithm. This lengthy process inhibits real‐time monitoring of plankton distributions. Deep learning methods, such as convolutional neural networks, applied to interference patterns of different organisms from minimally processed holograms can eliminate the need for reconstruction and accomplish real‐time computation. In this article, we integrate deep learning methods with digital inline holography to create a rapid and accurate plankton classification network for 10 classes of organisms that are commonly seen in our data sets. We describe the procedure from preprocessing to classification. Our network achieves 93.8% accuracy when applied to a manually classified testing data set. Upon further application of a probability filter to eliminate false classification, the average precision and recall are 96.8% and 95.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the network was applied to 7500 in situ holograms collected at East Sound in Washington during a vertical profile to characterize depth distribution of the local diatoms. The results are in agreement with simultaneously recorded independent chlorophyll concentration depth profiles. This lightweight network exemplifies its capability for real‐time, high‐accuracy plankton classification and it has the potential to be deployed on imaging instruments for long‐term in situ plankton monitoring.

The inner shelf, the transition zone between the surf zone and the mid shelf, is a dynamically complex region with the evolution of circulation and stratification driven by multiple physical processes. Cross-shelf exchange through the inner shelf has important implications for coastal water quality, ecological connectivity, and lateral movement of sediment and heat. The Inner-Shelf Dynamics Experiment (ISDE) was an intensive, coordinated, multi-institution field experiment from Sep.-Oct. 2017, conducted from the mid shelf, through the inner shelf and into the surf zone near Point Sal, CA. Satellite, airborne, shore- and ship-based remote sensing, in-water moorings and ship-based sampling, and numerical ocean circulation models forced by winds, waves and tides were used to investigate the dynamics governing the circulation and transport in the inner shelf and the role of coastline variability on regional circulation dynamics. Here, the following physical processes are highlighted: internal wave dynamics from the mid shelf to the inner shelf; flow separation and eddy shedding off Point Sal; offshore ejection of surfzone waters from rip currents; and wind-driven subtidal circulation dynamics. The extensive dataset from ISDE allows for unprecedented investigations into the role of physical processes in creating spatial heterogeneity, and nonlinear interactions between various inner-shelf physical processes. Overall, the highly spatially and temporally resolved oceanographic measurements and numerical simulations of ISDE provide a central framework for studies exploring this complex and fascinating region of the ocean.

COSMO-SkyMed™ Product-ASI 2016 processed under license from ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana); all rights reserved. COSMO-SkyMed images were distributed by e-GEOS. TerraSAR-X data were obtained through © DLR e.V. 2016. TerraSAR-X images were distributed by Airbus Defense and Space GmbH; downlinked and processed by CSTARS under Airbus Defense and Space license. Lisa Nyman was funded by the US Office of Naval Research (ONR) under grants N00014-14-1-0630 and N00014-16-1-3147. We thank Samantha Ballard for assisting in the DMR installation on R/V Roger Revelle.

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The Otago Youth Wellness Trust is a charitable organisation that has been operating for 15 years in Dunedin, New Zealand. It decided to evaluate the wraparound service it provided to young people in the community. The young people are referred by other agencies, including schools, and are usually deemed to be in need of significant support. In this article, members of a Youth Advisory Group (YAG), describe the experience of being involved in this service evaluation project. The YAG was made up of a small number of ‘service users’ who developed methods for engaging young people as evaluation participants. Overall we reported positive experiences, but there was a steep learning curve for all of us to navigate the evaluation process. This article demonstrates that it is possible for young people to have a significant influence in service evaluation.