Halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs), primarily regarded as optoelectronic materials for LED and photovoltaic devices, have not been applied for photochemical conversion (e.g., water splitting or CO reduction) applications because of their insufficient stability in the presence of moisture or polar solvents. Herein, we report the use of CsPbBr QDs as novel photocatalysts to convert CO into solar fuels in nonaqueous media. Under AM 1.5G simulated illumination, the CsPbBr QDs steadily generated and injected electrons into CO, catalyzing CO reduction at a rate of 23.7 μmol/g h with a selectivity over 99.3%. Additionally, through the construction of a CsPbBr QD/graphene oxide (CsPbBr QD/GO) composite, the rate of electron consumption increased 25.5% because of improved electron extraction and transport. This study is anticipated to provide new opportunities to utilize halide perovskite QD materials in photocatalytic applications.

The proper energy band structure and excellent visible-light responses enable halide perovskites as potential photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction, but the conversion efficiency is still low due to the serious radiative recombination, low CO 2 capturing ability, and poor stability. Here we illustrate the design and synthesis of a halide perovskite@metal−organic framework (MOF) composite photocatalyst with enhanced CO 2 reduction activity. A facile in situ synthetic procedure is employed to directly grow a zinc/cobalt-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) coating on the surface of CsPbBr 3 quantum dots. The CsPbBr 3 @ZIF composite shows largely improved moisture stability, CO 2 capturing ability, and charge separation efficiency. Moreover, the catalytic active Co centers in ZIF-67 can further accelerate the charge separation process and activate the adsorbed CO 2 molecules, which leads to enhanced catalytic activity for gaseous CO 2 reduction. This work would provide new insight for designing excellent perovskite/MOF-based catalysts.

Background: Head and neck cancer contains cancer stem cells (CSCs) characterized by a high level of CD44 expression. Results: We discovered a new hyaluronan (HA)-CD44-mediated Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog pathway that regulates miR-302 production in CSCs. Conclusion: HA-CD44v3-activated Oct4-Sox2-Nanog signaling and miR-302 play a pivotal role in CSC functions. Significance: This information should provide new drug targets to treat head and neck cancer.

Low‐dimensional luminescent lead halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention for their fascinating optoelectronic properties, while the toxicity of lead is still considered a drawback. Herein, we report a novel lead‐free zero‐dimensional (0D) indium‐based perovskite (Cs2InBr5⋅H2O) single crystal that is red‐luminescent with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 33 %. Experimental and computational studies reveal that the strong PL emission might originate from self‐trapping excitons (STEs) that result from an excited‐state structural deformation. More importantly, the in situ transformation between hydrated Cs2InBr5⋅H2O and the dehydrated form is accompanied with a switchable dual emission, which enables it to act as a PL water‐sensor in humidity detection or the detection of traces of water in organic solvents.

Owing to the 3D scaffolds, porous nanosheets, and strong synergistic effect of Mo and W atoms, the Mo–W–P hybrid behaves as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

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Abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, caused in part by increased de novo lipogenesis, results in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), an important transcriptional regulator of lipogenesis, is synthesized as an inactive precursor that binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In response to insulin signalling, SREBP1 is transported from the ER to the Golgi in a COPII-dependent manner, processed by proteases in the Golgi, and then shuttled to the nucleus to induce lipogenic gene expression; however, the mechanisms underlying enhanced SREBP1 activity in insulin-resistant obesity and diabetes remain unclear. Here we show in mice that CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) functions as a mediator of mTOR signalling to modulate COPII-dependent SREBP1 processing. CRTC2 competes with Sec23A, a subunit of the COPII complex, to interact with Sec31A, another COPII subunit, thus disrupting SREBP1 transport. During feeding, mTOR phosphorylates CRTC2 and attenuates its inhibitory effect on COPII-dependent SREBP1 maturation. As hepatic overexpression of an mTOR-defective CRTC2 mutant in obese mice improved the lipogenic program and insulin sensitivity, these results demonstrate how the transcriptional coactivator CRTC2 regulates mTOR-mediated lipid homeostasis in the fed state and in obesity.

Image adaptation, one of the essential problems in adaptive content delivery for universal access, has been actively explored for some time. Most existing approaches have focused on generic adaptation with a view to saving file size under constraints in client environment and have hardly paid attention to user perceptions of the adapted result. Meanwhile, the major limitation on the user's delivery context is moving away from data volume (or time-to-wait) to screen size because of the galloping development of hardware technologies. In this paper, we propose a novel method for adapting images based on user attention. A generic and extensible image attention model is introduced based on three attributes (region of interest, attention value, and minimal perceptible size) associated with each attention object. A set of automatic modeling methods are presented to support this approach. A branch-and-bound algorithm is also developed to find the optimal adaptation efficiently. Experimental results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed scheme and its potential application in the future.