An effective and novel design strategy for ultrafast laser-initiating materials has been established on the basis of coordination chemistry for the first time in the present work. In view of the positive effect of Ag ion and perchlorate on laser sensitivity, silver perchlorate as a representative of oxidizing inorganic metal salts was used to construct energetic cationic coordination polymers (ECCPs), which solved the inconvenient situation caused by the difficulty in applying these salts directly in energetic materials because of the unavoidable hygroscopicity and the inhomogeneity of physical mixtures of oxidants and reductants. With the nonenergetic nitrogen-rich ligand 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carbohydrazide (ATCA), one new laser-sensitive Ag(I)-based ECCP [Ag(ATCA)ClO 4 ] n (1) was successfully synthesized with a compact helical structure proved by X-ray single-diffraction crystal data. The physicochemical property evaluation revealed that this Ag-ECCP was not only completely devoid of the undesirable properties of the silver perchlorate and displayed excellent tolerance to moisture and noncorrosive properties to metal shells, but was also endowed with good thermal stability and excellent safety for mechanical stimulation. Moreover, theoretical calculations based on the standard molar enthalpy of formation and the lead plate explosive test as the actual damage experiment have proved that the compound has a superior detonation performance (up to 6800 m s −1 and 0.511 kcal g −1 ) compared to the traditional primary explosives. More importantly, the laser-initiation-experiment-based femtosecond laser-testing system and high-speed photography demonstrated that this ECCP was an energetic material with great potential for application in the safety detonator as an ultrafast photosensitive initiating material for laser direct initiation, whose initiation delay time is as low as 73 ms using only 200 mJ initiation energy.

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Online state of charge estimation for the aerial lithium-ion battery packs based on the improved extended Kalman filter method. 2017

An integrated online adaptive state of charge estimation approach of high-power lithium-ion battery packs.

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A novel design of a nearly perfect metamaterial absorber based on square split-ring resonators for terahertz sensing applications is proposed and analyzed. The design in this report is simulated and analyzed by using standard numerical simulation software. Magnetic and electric resonant field enhancement in the impedance matched absorber cavity enables stronger interaction with the dielectric analyte. The proposed structure is based on the simultaneous increase in the electromagnetic field and the surface current distribution at the resonance frequency. An absorptivity of 99% is achieved at 0.53 THz with a narrow resonance peak and a Q-factor of 44.17. At a fixed analyte thickness, the resonance frequency is sensitive to the refractive index of the surrounding medium. The influence of the thickness of the covering sample on the sensitivity and absorption coefficient of the absorber is comprehensively analyzed, and the reported design can be used as a refractive index sensor with a high sensitivity of 126.0 GHz/RIU and a figure of merit of 10.5 in the refractive index range from 1.0 to 2.0 at an analyte thickness of 15.0 µm. The results show that the sensor has high sensitivity to the analyte covering it. The sensor not only exhibits good sensitivity to thin analytes but also shows high sensitivity to analytes more than 10 µm thick in the terahertz low frequency band. Specifically, the sensitivity changes rapidly when the thickness of the sample changes in the range of 0-6 µm, but slowly in the range of 6-16 µm. In general, the response of the resonance frequency to changes in the refractive index of the sample becomes more sensitive as the thickness of the sample is increased from 0 to 16 µm . The reported terahertz sensor of a metamaterial absorber has potential applications in biomedical sensing and trace detection of substances.

Here, the core−shell MFe 2 O 4 −TiO 2 (M = Mn, Fe, Zn, Co, or Ni) nanoparticles were synthesized on K-montmorillonite (MMT) edge sites and assessed as new selective adsorbents. The results revealed that UO 2 2+ and X n+ were simultaneously adsorbed on the TiO 2 (101) surfaces, MFe 2 O 4 (111)−TiO 2 (101)/MMT(100)−MFe 2 O 4 (111) interfaces, and MMT inner layers. Specifically, the X n+ ions were mainly adsorbed on the TiO 2 (101) surfaces. We note that, according to Freundlich models, UO 2 2+ and Cr 3+ were selectively adsorbed on the MFe 2 O 4 (111)−TiO 2 (101) interface. The high adsorption capacity of UO 2 2+ was 109.11 mg g −1 in the MMT−Fe 3 O 4 (111)−TiO 2 (101) interface. The interface electron gases transferred from MMT(100)−MFe 2 O 4 (111) to MFe 2 O 4 (111)−TiO 2 (101) prevent the Cr 3+ oxidation− reduction reaction and further adsorption. Our results suggested that MMT−MFe 2 O 4 −TiO 2 is a suitable candidate of highly selective uranyl removal.

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