Ranolazine significantly reduced frequency of angina and nitroglycerin consumption compared with placebo and was well tolerated. (The ERICA [Efficacy of Ranolazine In Chronic Angina] Trial; http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00091429).

Whereas this study detected some ethnic differences in mammographic densities, the importance of dense areas and per cent densities as indicators of breast cancer risk in ethnically diverse populations remains to be clarified.

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Despite an overall improvement in breast cancer survival, ethnic disparity in prognosis still exists. Other possible explanations for the differential prognosis, such as treatment, diet, genetics, obesity, oestrogen receptor and hormonal statuses need to be explored in future studies.

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Epidemiologic evidence suggests that mammographic densities are markers of breast cancer risk. This project investigated the relation between breast cancer and densities in women of Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Native Hawaiian, and Caucasian ancestry. Mammograms from breast cancer cases and from healthy controls were compared using a computer-assisted method of mammographic density assessment. From 1991 to 1997, 935 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed at Kaiser Permanente in Hawaii; for 647 (69%) subjects, a control woman matched by ethnicity, year of mammogram, and age was identified. Conditional multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the relative risk of developing breast cancer. Breast cancer risk was associated with percent densities and with the size of the dense areas. Women in the category with the most densities experienced a twofold risk of developing breast cancer as compared to women with the least densities. Adjustment for risk factors reduced the strength of the association. Odds ratios were of similar magnitude in Asian women as in Caucasian/Native Hawaiian women, but they were not statistically significant. The results of this study indicate that the associations of breast cancer risk with the magnitude of the dense areas and with the percent densities are of similar strength in women of different ethnicities although density levels vary by ethnicity.

BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; FFQ = food frequency questionnaire; icc = intraclass correlation coefficients; SQ = soy questionnaire; κ w = weighted Kappa statistics. AbstractThis cross-sectional investigation in Hawaii explored the relation between soy foods and mammographic characteristics using two food frequency questionnaires and a computer-assisted density assessment method. Japanese and Chinese women reported significantly greater soy food intake than Caucasian women. Whereas soy intake and the size of the dense areas were not related, soy intake and percent mammographic densities were positively associated. The size of the entire breast and the nondense area (ie the fatty part of the breast) were inversely related to soy intake. These results suggest the hypothesis that soy foods by themselves or as part of an Asian dietary pattern may affect the growth of the female breast before adulthood, but the possible mechanisms of action have to be explored in future studies.Keywords: breast cancer, ethnicity, mammographic densities, nutrition, prevention, soy SynopsisIntroduction: Based on ethnic [1] and international [2] differences in breast cancer risk, and on results from cell and animal studies [3], a role for soy foods in breast cancer prevention has been proposed. The epidemiologic investigations on soy and breast cancer risk have so far produced conflicting results [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Mammographic densities that refer to the distribution of fat, connective, and epithelial tissue in the female breast have been shown to be related to breast cancer risk [5]. A high percentage of dense parenchyma on mammographic images appears to confer a fourfold risk of developing breast cancer [11]. Aims: The purpose of this report is to investigate the hypothesis that soy foods are related to lower mammographic densities among a population of women with Caucasian, Chinese, Japanese, and Native Hawaiian ancestry living in Hawaii. Methods: In a cross-sectional study approved by the institutional review boards of all participating institutions, women with different ethnic backgrounds were recruited at five

High resolution multispectral satellite images with multi-angular look capability have tremendous potential applications. We present an object tracking algorithm that includes moving object estimation, target modeling, and target matching three-step processing. Potentially moving objects are first identified on the time-series images.The target is then modeled by extracting both spectral and spatial features. In the target matching procedure, the Bhattacharyya distance, histogram intersection, and pixel count similarity are combined in a novel regional operator design. Our algorithm has been tested using a set of multi-angular sequence images acquired by the WorldView-2 satellite. The tracking performance is analyzed by the calculation of recall, precision, and F1 score of the test. In this study, we have demonstrated the capability of object tracking in a complex environment with the help of high resolution multispectral satellite imagery.