The essential oil (EO) from the aerial parts of Leontopodium leontopodioides (Willd.) Beauverd was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Sixty-five compounds were identified which represent 96.2% of the total composition of the EO. The major components of the EO were palmitic acid (11.6%), n-pentadecanal (5.7%), linalool (3.8%), β-ionone (3.3%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (3.2%), bisabolone (3.2%) and β-caryophyllene (3.2%). The EO exhibited an excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis according to the MIC values tested by micro-dilution method. It also exhibited a significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines with the IC values of 67.44 and 70.49 μg/mL according to the MTT assay. However, the antioxidant activity test revealed that the EO exhibited a weak DPPH radical-scavenging activity. In conclusion, the EO of L. leontopodioides could be regarded as a bioactive natural product and deserves further study for its potential therapeutic effects.
This study investigated the chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Leonurus pseudomacranthus Kitag for the first time. The chemical composition was studied by GC-FID and GC-MS. Forty-nine compounds accounting for 91.1% of the essential oil were identified. The major components were sclareol (34.8%), β-caryophyllene (7.1%), precocene (I) (6.3%) and α-muurolene (5.3%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was assessed by the disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The essential oil showed excellent antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values of 0.039 mg/mL and 0.156 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the antioxidant potential was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The essential oil gave IC50 values of 1.513 mg/mL, 0.152 mg/mL in DPPH and ABTS methods, and a Trolox equivalent concentration of 33.63 μmol Trolox × g -1 in FRAP method. The results indicated that the essential oil could be regarded as a promising product for pharmaceutical and food industry after more detailed study.
A large number of wild fruits belonging to the north eastern region of India are considered to be nutritionally abundant and traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments. In the present study, juices of gooseberry and wild apple have been evaluated for their antimicrobial activity in its consumable form as a potential source of natural anti-infective agent. The fruit juices were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities qualitatively, using the agar well diffusion method followed by quantitative assessment by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The study revealed that both the fruit juices exhibited broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Considerable activity against drug-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and extended spectrum β-lactamases producing Gram-negative bacteria was observed. Thus, this study highlights the antibacterial efficacy of wild apple and gooseberry fruit juices and augments the beneficiary properties of highly nutritional fruit juices that are specific to Indian region.
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