Rationale:Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia), primarily a hospital-acquired pathogen, can cause a variety of deep-seated infections with significant morbidities. However, in the current scenario of global rise in antibiotic abuse, unexpected infection could be caused by K. pneumoniae.Patient concerns:A 56-year-old male who presented with intermittent headache and low fever was admitted, he had transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma 3 years ago. Routine laboratory tests revealed an elevated WBC count of 10.12 × 109/L and C-reactive protein (CRP) 12.9 mg/L. computed tomography (CT) revealed the sellar region with suspicious hemorrhage.Diagnoses:The patient was initially diagnosed with acute residual tumor hemorrhage. But the consequent diagnose of Klebsiella pneumoniae purulent meningitis was made based on the cerebrospinal fluid lab test and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood culture, and CT scan.Interventions:Lumbar puncture examination was made and the antibiotics were adjusted to meropenem and vancomycin according to the antibiotic sensitivity test. But because of the patient's unstable vital signs, his family refuse further lateral ventricular drainage.Outcomes:The infection was out of control and the patient died of spontaneous breath and heartbeat arrest.Lessons:Through this case, we could learn that any clue of suspicious intracranial infection should be carefully considered in the current scenario of global rise in antibiotic abuse. The manifestation of intermittent headache and mild fever could be potential signs of fatal infection, and prompt appropriate measures should be taken timely.
Introduction:
Alendronate sodium is used to reduce the risk of bone fracture in aged osteoporosis patients. However, its side effects should be recognized, especially for those aged patients with one or more basic cardiovascular diseases.
Patient concerns:
A 90-year-old and a 75-year-old male patient were admitted to our department. These 2 patients were examined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Diagnosis:
Both patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis, they also had history of atrial fibrillation (AF) and had long term use of warfarin.
Interventions:
Alendronate sodium was prescribed to the two patients at 70 mg once a week.
Outcomes:
The 2 patients had experienced dramatic increase of international normalized ratio (INR) to 4.69∼4.86 within 24 hours and gradual decrease in the next 5 days. Both patients experienced spontaneous ecchymoses and petechiae in the skin at the first 72 hours.
Conclusion:
Alendronate sodium can transiently increase the INR over 50%, induce spontaneous ecchymoses and petechiae in the skin of aged male osteoporosis patients with AF who took warfarin. Clinicians should pay enough attention when using alendronate sodium on these kinds of patients and be aware of the consequent potential bleeding risk.
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