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Monitoring the kinematic behavior of enormous amounts of points and objects anywhere on Earth is now feasible on a weekly basis using radar interferometry from Earth-orbiting satellites. An increasing number of satellite missions are capable of delivering data that can be used to monitor geophysical processes, mining and construction activities, public infrastructure, or even individual buildings. The parameters estimated from these data are used to better understand various natural hazards, improve public safety, or enhance asset management activities. Yet, the mathematical estimation of kinematic parameters from interferometric data is an ill-posed problem as there is no unique solution, and small changes in the data may lead to significantly different parameter estimates. This problem results in multiple possible outcomes given the same data, hampering public acceptance, particularly in critical conditions. Here, we propose a method to address this problem in a probabilistic way, which is based on multiple hypotheses testing. We demonstrate that it is possible to systematically evaluate competing kinematic models in order to find an optimal model and to assign likelihoods to the results. Using the B-method of testing, a numerically efficient implementation is achieved, which is able to evaluate hundreds of competing models per point. Our approach will not solve the nonuniqueness problem of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), but it will allow users to critically evaluate (conflicting) results, avoid overinterpretation, and thereby consolidate InSAR as a geodetic technique. Index Terms-B-method of testing, deformation modeling, multiple hypotheses testing (MHT).

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The fast orientation and magnitude of crustal azimuthal anisotropy beneath the southeastern Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas are measured by analyzing the sinusoidal moveout of the P to S converted phase from the Moho. Beneath the tectonically active plateau, the mean magnitude is 0.48 ± 0.13 s, which is about twice as large as that observed in the stable Sichuan Basin (0.23 ± 0.10 s). The two areas are separated by the Longmenshan fault zone, a zone of devastating earthquakes including the 12 May 2008 MW 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Fault orthogonal fast orientations observed in the southern Longmenshan fault zone, where previous studies have revealed high crustal Vp/Vs and suggested the presence of mid‐lower crustal flow, may reflect flow‐induced lattice preferred orientation of anisotropic minerals. Fault parallel anisotropy in the central segment of the fault zone is most likely related to fluid filled fractures, and fault perpendicular extensional cracks are probably responsible for the observed anisotropy in the northern segment. The crustal anisotropy measurements, when combined with results from previous studies, suggest the existence of mid‐lower crustal flow beneath the southeastern margin of the plateau. Comparison of crustal anisotropy obtained before and after the Wenchuan earthquake suggests that the earthquake has limited influence on whole crustal anisotropy, although temporal changes of anisotropy associated with the earthquake have been reported using splitting of shear waves from local earthquakes occurred in the upper crust.

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