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A synergetic relationship established between the metal and modified zeolite components favored higher selectivity for the target product (LPG).

Catalytic conversion of Syngas and dimethyl ether to ethanol is a green strategy of harnessing fine chemicals from nonpetroleum origins. In the process, catalyst deactivation coupled with higher byproduct selectivities is still a serious cause of concern due to inevitable yield losses. Herein, we synthesized highly ordered Cu-MOR@SiO2 core–shell microcapsules, employing a facile scalable surfactant-directed sol–gel technique. Comparably, the microcapsules displayed higher DME carbonylation (83.8%) activity and a remarkable product yield (48.7%). Furthermore, confinement of Cu-MOR particles surrounded by SiO2 crystals cushions dispersed Cu components from inevitable sintering during exposure to higher temperatures, paving way for an effective regeneration treatment. However, this catalyst will function in tandem with commercialized CZA catalyst in a dual bed reactor. The novel Cu-MOR@SiO2 encapsulated catalyst displayed a stable longer service life and higher product yield, thus providing the dual bed ethanol synthesis pathway from cofeeding dimethyl ether and syngas, an opportunity toward commercial production.

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Methanol is an essential chemical raw material and potential alternative energy source. In this paper, Cu based catalyst was prepared by the noble solid phase grinding method for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The influence of chelating agent, heating rate, calcination temperature and calcination period of the precursor on catalyst performance were studied in depth. The catalyst precursor with formic acid as a chelating agent was reduced in‐situ when calcined in nitrogen (N2) at 573 K. The formic acid was decomposed, releasing the reducing agents, CO and H2, resulting in continuous in‐situ CuO reduction to metallic Cu0. XRD, XPS, BET, TG‐DSC, H2‐TPR and other characterization techniques were employed to analyze the catalyst properties. Results revealed that CuO was successfully reduced in‐situ to Cu0 during calcination process in a nitrogen atmosphere without further reduction. The catalyst prepared by formic acid grinding (F/I−Cu/ZnO) showed highest catalytic activity compared with the conventional catalyst which was further reduced by 5% H2 (F/H−Cu/ZnO). CO2 conversion and methanol selectivity reached 33.44% and 84.26%respectively.