Partners in close relationships can be both accurate and biased in their perceptions of each other. Moreover, sometimes a bias can lead to accuracy. The authors describe a paradigm for the simultaneous measurement of accuracy and bias in 2-person relationships. One prevalent bias in close relationships is assumed similarity: Does the person think that his or her partner sees the world as he or she does? In a study of 238 dating and married heterosexual couples, the authors found evidence for both bias and accuracy: the bias effects were considerably stronger, especially when the measure was linked to the relationship. They found little or no evidence for gender differences in accuracy and bias.
Two studies investigated how social comparison to peers through computer-mediated interactions on Facebook might impact users' psychological health. Study 1 (N = 180) revealed an association between time spent on Facebook and depressive symptoms for both genders. However, results demonstrated that making Facebook social comparisons mediated the link between time spent on Facebook and depressive symptoms for men only. using a 14-day diary design (N = 152), Study 2 found that the relationship between the amount of time spent on Facebook and depressive symptoms was uniquely mediated by upward, nondirectional, and downward Facebook social comparisons. Similarly, all three types of Facebook social comparisons mediated the relationship between the number of Facebook logins and depressive symptoms. unlike Study 1, gender did not moderate these associations. Both studies provide evidence that people feel depressed after spending a great deal of time on Facebook because they feel badly when comparing themselves to others.
Bu çalışmada evlilik doyumu, eş desteği, eşe kendini açma, yaşam doyumu ve iyimserlik değişkenleri ile beraber Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli içinde test edilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, Eşe Kendini Açma Ölçeği geliştirilmiş ve evli bireylerin evlilik yıllarına, aile gelirine katkı oranlarına, çocuk sayılarına, sağlıklarından ve cinsel yaşamlarından memnuniyet düzeylerine ve ev içi sorumluluklarını paylaşımlarına göre evlilik doyumuna ilişkin profilleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2015 yılında araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden, en az lise mezunu ve gelir sağlayan bir işte çalışan 549 evli birey oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamak amacıyla Evlilik Yaşamı Ölçeği, Eş Destek Ölçeği, Eşe Kendini Açma Ölçeği, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği, Yaşam Yönelim Testi ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0, LISREL 8.8 ve AMOS 20 istatistik programları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Türkiye'nin sosyal ve kültürel yapısı içerisinde evli bireyler üzerinde geliştirilmiş olan Eşe Kendini Açma Ölçeği'nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, Evlilik Doyumu Model Testi'ne göre; eş desteğinin evlilik doyumunu doğrudan ve anlamlı düzeyde ve eşe kendini açmanın da evlilik doyumunu doğrudan ve anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı gözlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak; eş desteği ile evlilik doyumu arasındaki ilişkide eşe kendini açmanın aracı rolünün istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçları ışığında, modelin veriye uyumunun "iyi düzeyde" olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Evlilik doyumu profil bulgularında; bir yıldan az süredir evli olan, aile gelirine katkı oranının eşit olduğu, çocuk sahibi olmayan, hem sağlıklarından hem de cinsel yaşamlarından memnun olan evli bireylerin evlilik doyumlarının diğer bireylere kıyasla anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularından hareketle, araştırmacılara, alanda çalışan psikolojik danışmanlara, politika yapıcılara ve evli bireylere önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Relationship awareness is defined here as thinking about interaction patterns, comparisons, or contrasts between oneself and one's partner in a relationship. This concept provides a frame-work for examining the effects of spouses' thinking and talking about their own relationships on marital satisfaction and contentment with life. During interviews conducted with 42 married couples, wives talked more about their relationships than their husbands did. Wives' marital satisfaction was positively associated with the husbands' degree of relationship talk during the interview. The association between husbands' relationship talk and wives' marital well-being was strongest for wives who talked very little about their relationship. Husbands' marital satisfaction was not related to either spouse's relationship talk. A similar pattern of results was found for contentment with life. Findings are discussed in light of previous research that focuses on gender differences in relationships, in the sense of self and interpersonal communication.
To better understand the outcomes for couples whose work interferes with their relationships, with an emphasis on the crossover effects that can occur in close relationships, we examined experienced work-to-relationship conflict and perceptions of partner's work-to-relationship conflict for both members of 113 dual-earner couples. Outcomes of interests included relationship tension, health symptoms, and relationship satisfaction. Results indicate that personal work-to-relationship conflict and perceptions of partner's work-to-family conflict were related to personal as well as partner outcomes; a variety of direct crossover effects were demonstrated. The actor-partner interdependence model was incorporated to account for issues of interdependent data that naturally occur in relationship dyads, a methodological issue not typically addressed and accounted for in the dyadic work-family interface literature.
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