Resumo: FUNDAMENTOS: Lesão discoide é a manifestação cutânea mais comum do lúpus eritematoso, e formas cutâneas crônicas apresentam características imunológicas próprias, direcionadas ao polo Th1. Diversas doenças possuem associação com grupos sanguíneos, o que não foi ainda estudado no lúpus discoide. OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação entre tipos sanguíneos (ABO e Rh) e lúpus eritematoso discoide. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo tipo transversal envolvendo tipagem sanguínea ABO e Rh, inquérito de dados clínicos e dosagem de FAN e C4 de portadores de lúpus discoide sem critérios de doença sistêmica, atendidos em hospital universitário. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 69 pacientes, sendo 71,0% do sexo feminino (p < 0,01). A idade do surgimento da doença foi de 32,8 ± 13,1 anos. Formas disseminadas ocorreram em 47,8%; história de tabagismo foi verificada em 59,4%; FAN > 1:160, em 31,9%; e níveis baixos de C4, em 8,7%. Não houve diferença significativa entre as frequências dos grupos sanguíneos dos pacientes e da população local; entretanto, o grupo A foi associado às formas disseminadas da doença (OR 4,1 e p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Grupos sanguíneos de pacientes com lúpus discoide apresentam frequência semelhante à da população; porém, formas clínicas disseminadas foram mais prevalentes entre portadores do grupo A. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia; Lúpus eritematoso discoide; Sistema do grupo sanguíneo ABO; Sistema do grupo sanguíneo Rh-Hr Abstract: BACKGROUND: Discoid lesion is the commonest cutaneous finding in lupus erythematosus and chronic types have their own immunological features, with Th1 inflammation profile. Although many diseases have association with blood-group systems, this fact was not enlightened in discoid lupus erythematosus. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between blood groups (ABO and Rh) and discoid lupus erythematosus. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study assessing clinical information, blood group systems (ABO and Rh), FAN and C4 serum levels from discoid lupus patients without characteristics of systemic disease, was carried out at a clinic from a Brazilian university hospital. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients were enrolled in the study, 71.0% were females (p<0.01), mean age of disease onset was 32.8±13.1 years, and disseminate form occurred in 47.8%, smoking was related in 59.4%, FAN>1:160 in 31.9%, and low levels of C4 in 8.7%. There was no significant difference between the frequency of blood groups from discoid lupus patients and local population, however, blood group A was associated to disseminate forms of the disease (OR 4.1 and p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Discoid lupus erythematosus patients with ABO and Rh blood groups exhibit similar frequencies as in the general population; nevertheless, disseminate clinical forms were more prevalent among group A patients.
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