Fine tuning physical cues of silk fibroin (SF) biomaterials to match specific requirements for different soft tissues would be advantageous. Here, amorphous SF nanofibers were used to fabricate scaffolds with better hierarchical extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic microstructures than previous silk scaffolds. Kinetic control was introduced into the scaffold forming process, resulting in the direct production of water-stable scaffolds with tunable secondary structures and thus mechanical properties. These biomaterials remained with amorphous structures, offering softer properties than prior scaffolds. The fine mechanical tunability of these systems provides a feasible way to optimize physical cues for improved cell proliferation and enhanced neovascularization in vivo. Multiple physical cues, such as partly ECM mimetic structures and optimized stiffness, provided suitable microenvironments for tissue ingrowth, suggesting the possibility of actively designing bioactive SF biomaterials. These systems suggest a promising strategy to develop novel SF biomaterials for soft tissue repair and regenerative medicine.

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HIGHLIGHTS• The 3D honeycomb-like fabric decorated with MXene is woven as solar evaporator.• The honeycomb structure enables light-trapping and recycling of convective and radiative heat.• The 3D honeycomb-fabric evaporator possesses high solar efficiency up to 93.5% under 1 sun irradiation and excellent salt harvesting ability.

Hydrogels have become ideal materials in the nascent applications of tissue engineering, soft robots, drug delivery, and so forth. However, compared with biological tissues, the inherent heterogeneous microstructure and low density of polymer chains make hydrogels mechanically weak, severely limiting their

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