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Highlights This study showed high prevalence of psychological disorders and associated factors encompassed all phases of the Chinese COVID-19 epidemic, extending from early in the outbreak to the present remission for the first time. Our findings raise special concerns about public mental health, especially among non-HCWs involved at the remission stage of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Artesunate (ART), derived from a common traditional Chinese medicine, has beeen used an antimalarial for several years. In this study, the effect and mechanism of ART on anti-human cervical cancer cells was examined. The level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) and the population of CD4+CD25+Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. In vivo antitumor activity was investigated in mice with cervical cancer by the subcutaneous injection of various concentrations of ART. The concentrations of PGE2 in the supernatants of CaSki cells were measured using an ELISA kit. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Foxp3 expression were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis. The effect of ART on the viability of CaSki and Hela cells was evaluated with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. It was identified that the level of PGE2 and the population of CD4+CD25+Foxp3 Treg cells in the peripheral blood were significantly higher in cervical cancer patients and mice with cervical cancer. ART was capable of inhibiting orthotopic tumor growth, which correlated with a decrease in the level of PGE2 and the percentage of Treg cells in mice with cervical cancer. Furthermore, ART decreased COX-2 expression and the production of PGE2 in CaSki and Hela cells. Notably, the supernatants of CaSki cells treated with ART lowered the expression of Foxp3 in Jurkat T cells, which was capable of being reversed by exogenous PGE2 . Our data revealed that ART may elicit an anti-tumor effect against cervical cancer by inhibition of PGE2 production in CaSki and Hela cells, which resulted in the decrease of Foxp3 expression in T cells. Therefore, ART may be an effective drug for immunotherapy of cervical cancer.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on proliferative and multi-differentiation potential of the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The MSCs were isolated primarily from bone marrow of adult rat and purified at increasing passage. A purified population of MSCs can be obtained about 2 weeks after the initiation of culture. After three passages (P3-MSCs), bone marrow-derived adherent cells were identified, then different concentrations of rhEPO (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 100 U/ml) was added into the Passage-3 cells which had been identified. The expression of the surface markers in adherent cells was detected by the flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, Nanog and TERT were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that CD29 and CD90 were positive in MSCs, but not CD33, CD44 and CD45, and the cells could differentiate into multiple lineages such as osteocytes and adipocytes. The expression of OCT4, SOX2, TERT, Nanog mRNA were up-regulated by the treatment of EPO. The effect of EPO was the most obvious when its concentration was 5U/mL after 12h. we conclude that MSCs can not only perserve characteristics of stem cells but also maintain its multi-lineage differentiation potential after appropriate treatment of EPO.

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19Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fiber in the 20 gut. Butyrate is a particularly important SCFA with anti-inflammatory properties and is 21 generally present at lower levels in inflammatory diseases associated with gut microbiota 22 dysbiosis in mammals. We aimed to determine if SCFAs are produced by the zebrafish 23 microbiome and if SCFAs exert conserved effects on zebrafish immunity as an example of the 24 non-mammalian vertebrate immune system. We demonstrate that bacterial communities from 25 conservation of anti-inflammatory butyrate effects and identify the presence of a conserved 33 molecular receptor in fish. 34Keywords: zebrafish, butyrate, short chain fatty acid, inflammation, neutrophil, macrophage, 35 tumor necrosis factor 36 37