The optimum kind of legume species used in the broiler diet was peas, which were added in the amount of 200 g kg , resulting in live weight gain, a decrease in the feed conversion ratio and an increase in the production efficiency factor. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
According to the Actor Network Theory, the local food system is a set of interconnected processes and social agents including municipalities as a business environment. In the context of rural studies, support for local food producers is important for local communities. By content analysis of the information available on the websites of Zemgale region’s municipalities and the opinions of municipal specialists on local support measures for entrepreneurs, the aim of the paper was to identify the activities of municipalities in local food systems. Within a context of local food systems, the authors revealed that municipalities in Zemgale region provide support activities in two main directions: food businesses and tourism activities. The analysis of business support measures showed that local food producers in municipalities are promoted and supported in a number of ways through branding, special events and trade facilitation, seminars and annual awards. Activities in the field of tourism revealed cooperation, involving local food producers in the tourism system and ensuring the recognition of local food products to a wider group of consumers. Integrating local food businesses into tourism routes and thematic activities, in other words making locally produced food an integral part of the tourism product, develops small and medium-sized enterprises that contribute to the socio-economic resilience and environmental sustainability of rural communities, local innovations and creativity. In Zemgale, municipal activities for support of local food producers in the context of COVID-19 crisis are strengthening rural communities thus supporting and helping entrepreneurs to adapt to changes.
Fisheries and aquaculture remain important sources of food, nutrition, income and livelihoods for hundreds of millions of people around the world. In the EU, the development of fisheries is affected by the Common Fisheries Policy which aims to ensure that fishing and aquaculture are environmentally, economically and socially sustainable and that they provide a source of healthy food for EU citizens. In Latvia, the fisheries industry is related to a rational and sustainable use of living natural resources in its economic zone, territorial waters and internal waters. Therefore, research aim is to examine the key characteristics of the fishing industry in Latvia. To achieve the aim, the following specific research tasks are defined: 1) to examine the characteristics of the fishing fleets of EU Member States; 2) to analyse total catch volumes and the performance of top 10 fishing enterprises in Latvia. The present research analysed the fishing fleets of EU Member States, which are affected by fleet capacity management measures, catch quotas for Latvia, catch volumes in the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Riga in the period 2014-2017 as well as the key performance indicators of the top 10 fishing enterprises of Latvia. The research has discovered that the fishing enterprises of Latvia are affected by catch quotas for the key fish species that were reduced on average by 1-57 % during the
The European Union faces a challenge to increase the production of domestic protein crops in order to lower its economic dependence on imports of protein crops, soybeans in particular, and the fluctuation of global prices on food. To solve the problem of self-sufficiency of protein in the EU, encompassing all the agro-climatic zones typical of European agriculture and all-level supply chains at the EU level, increasing the output of domestic protein crops, including legumes (faba beans, peas, lupine, soybeans etc.) has been set as a strategic goal. The research examined the kinds of protein crops used for feed and the self-sufficiency of the crops in the EU. The research examined the area under legumes for seeds, the yields and the protein yields of the crops in Latvia. The research aim is to examine the key characteristics of production of feed legumes in Latvia. To achieve the aim, the following specific research tasks are defined: 1) to examine the characteristics of production of protein feed crops in the EU Member States; 2) to analyse legume production performance indictors in Latvia.
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