With the development of technology, the concepts of “green” and “sustainable” have gradually been popularized in all walks of life. With the continuous development of the world mining industry, the efficiency of resource development in various countries has been improved, but mining activities and production will undoubtedly bring many environmental pollution problems. As a mining power, China is one of the first countries to put forward the concept of “green mining”. Over the years, as people emphasize safety and environmental protection, green mining technology has become the hot topic. At the same time, groundwater pollution caused by mining has become the focus of China’s “green mine construction”: with the continuous development of mining, mining activities and production will also undoubtedly bring significant environmental pollution. The environmental pollution of the mined area has a vital influence on the surrounding environment. The pollutants mainly come from mining operations and production of the mineral processing industry, including process wastewater, gas waste, smelting slag, etc., which are all acidic. Acid mine drainage (AMD) occurs in the process of mining production, due to the structure of minerals and the complex reactions between oxygen and minerals, and results in heavy metal ions leaching into groundwater. Once the groundwater is polluted, it will slowly flow to the surrounding area, resulting in the migration and diffusion of pollutants in the groundwater, affecting the surrounding rivers, farmland, and drinking water for residents. In recent years, environmental damage caused by groundwater pollution from underground mines in Shijiazhuang, China, and Selangor, Malaysia, has had a negative impact on rivers, farmland, and human health. At the same time, the paper introduces many key technologies of green mine construction, such as the backfill mining method. In cooperation with China Road & Bridge Corporation, this paper also introduces the progress in the reuse of mining waste, especially the use of mining waste as aggregate to prepare concrete materials for road and bridge construction. This information article introduces the development status of green mine construction in China and briefly reviews the key technologies of green mine construction in China.
This paper (Part II), right after the Part I, also as an information article, introduces the recent progress of “green mine construction” in China. China is a big country in resource exploitation, but there are serious problems such as hidden danger, environmental pollution and resource waste in the exploitation of mineral resources in China. Therefore, the promotion of “green” mining technology, the implementation of “green mine construction” and the promotion of small- and medium-sized mines to green non-waste mining mode transformation and upgrading are crucial measures on the road of China’s mining development, with very important practical significance. Therefore, this information paper of our Chinese mining research mainly reviews the key progress in the construction and development of green mines and introduces four typical green mine examples in China: (1) the mine with the best green environment in China: Jinhui Mining Co., Ltd., Jiuquan, Gansu Province; (2) the most advanced mine in China: Jinchuan Group Company, Jinchang, Gansu Province; (3) the oldest green mine in China: the Suichang gold mine, Lishui, Zhejiang Province; and (4) the most mechanized mine in China: the Pingshuo Coal Co., Ltd., Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. In the abstract, we claim that Part II serves as a guide to begin a conversation and to encourage experts and scholars to engage in the research of this field.
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