Objective:This study was designed to analyze the role of piperine in modulating P-glycoprotein mRNA expression when added in combination with tamoxifen to breast cancer cells in culture.Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with 1 µM tamoxifen with or without piperine (12.5, 25, or 50 µM) or verapamil 50 µM (P-glycoprotein inhibitor positive control) for up to 12 days. We assessed the cell viability and isolated total RNA from them. We quantified P-glycoprotein expressions using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results: Administration of various doses of piperine decreased MCF-7 breast cancer cell viability. Piperine, when given in combination with tamoxifen, decreased the expression of P-glycoprotein mRNA in cells compared with the expression in cells treated with tamoxifen only. The effects were shown to be dose dependent. Conclusion:Piperine prevents the development of breast cancer cell tamoxifen resistance, probably through its inhibition of P-glycoprotein expression.
Introduction: A major limitation in cancer treatment is the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). Tamoxifen is a substrate of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) or P-glycoprotein, while curcumin is known as MDR1 inhibitor. The objective of this study was to analyze cell viability and MDR1 mRNA expressions in breast cancer cells, treated with tamoxifen alone or in combination with curcumin. Method: MCF-7 breast cancer cells lines were treated with tamoxifen 1 M alone or in combination with curcumin at 10, 20 and 35 M, while tamoxifenverapamil (50 M) was used as positive control for MDR1 inhibitor. The cells were harvested and counted for their viability and extracted for total RNA. MDR1 mRNA expressions were quantified using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: MCF-7 cells viability were decreased in concomitant treatment of tamoxifen + curcumin compared with tamoxifen alone, and appeared to be dosedependent. The expressions of MDR1 mRNA were shown to be suppressed in MCF-7 cells co-treated with tamoxifen and curcumin. Conclusion: Concomitant administration of tamoxifen and curcumin resulted in an increased anticancer activity compared with tamoxifen alone. This effect is thought to be via the suppression of MDR1 mRNA expressions.
Keterangan kedaluwarsa merupakan salah satu informasi yang wajib dicantumkan pada label pangan olahan. Indonesia mengatur pencantuman keterangan kedaluwarsa dengan istilah “Baik digunakan sebelum”. Salah satu topik yang menjadi perhatian dunia saat ini adalah adanya indikasi pangan yang terbuang (food waste) yang salah satunya disebabkan adanya perbedaan pemahaman dan pencantuman keterangan kedaluwarsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali informasi mengenai ketentuan pencantuman kedaluwarsa di berbagai negara dan tingkat pemahaman masyarakat. Metode yang dilakukan adalah studi pustaka dengan membandingkan ketentuan keterangan kedaluwarsa di berbagai negara dan survei dengan kuesioner. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 231 responden yang terdiri atas 78 laki-laki (33,8%) dan 153 perempuan (66,2%). Ketentuan atau peraturan pencantuman keterangan kedaluwarsa masih berbeda-beda di berbagai negara. Eropa dan Australia telah memisahkan ketentuan keterangan kedaluwarsa berdasarkan keamanan (use by date) dan mutu (best before date) sedangkan Singapura dan Amerika Serikat belum memisahkan ketentuan pencantuman keterangan kedaluwarsa berdasarkan keamanan dan mutu. Hasil survei secara acak dengan menggunakan kuesioner (google form) dalam kurun waktu satu minggu diperoleh hasil bahwa 115 responden (49,8%) tidak dapat membedakan berbagai istilah keterangan kedaluwarsa. Responden yang memahami keterangan kedaluwarsa paling banyak berasal dari responden dengan tingkat pendidikan S1, S2 dan S3 masing-masing 57%, 64,7% dan 60% sedangkan tingkat pendidikan lainnya kurang dari 40% yang memahami keterangan kedaluwarsa. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat pemahaman responden.
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