Emotional support is a crucial ability for many conversation scenarios, including social interactions, mental health support, and customer service chats. Following reasonable procedures and using various support skills can help to effectively provide support. However, due to the lack of a well-designed task and corpora of effective emotional support conversations, research on building emotional support into dialog systems remains untouched. In this paper, we define the Emotional Support Conversation (ESC) task and propose an ESC Framework, which is grounded on the Helping Skills Theory (Hill, 2009). We construct an Emotion Support Conversation dataset (ESConv) with rich annotation (especially support strategy) in a help-seeker and supporter mode. To ensure a corpus of high-quality conversations that provide examples of effective emotional support, we take extensive effort to design training tutorials for supporters and several mechanisms for quality control during data collection. Finally, we evaluate state-of-the-art dialog models with respect to the ability to provide emotional support. Our results show the importance of support strategies in providing effective emotional support and the utility of ES-Conv in training more emotional support systems 1 . Strategies Stages Examples Lexical Features Question Can you talk more about your feelings at that time? do you (15.0), are you (13.8), how (13.7), what (12.3), do (11.5) Restatement or ParaphrasingIt sounds that you feel like everyone is ignoring you. Is it correct?is that (8.2), so you (8.2), it sounds (7.1), correct (7.1), so (6.6) Reflection of FeelingsI understand how anxious you are. can tell (7.4), understand how (5.8), are feeling (5.1), tell (5.1), understand (4.9)Self-disclosure I feel the same way! I also don't know what to say to strangers. my (15.3), was (10.5), me (10.2), had (9.7), myself (7.8) Affirmation and ReassuranceYou've done your best and I believe you will get it! its (5.7), thats (5.6), will (5.4), through this (5.1), you will (4.7) Providing SuggestionsDeep breaths can help people calm down. Could you try to take a few deep breaths? maybe (7.3), if (6.5), have you (6.4), talk to (5.8), suggest (5.8) InformationApparently, lots of research has found that getting enough sleep before an exam can help students perform better.there are (4.4), will (3.8), available (3.7), seen (3.3), possible (3.3) OthersI am glad to help you! welcome (9.6), hope (9.6), glad (7.3), thank (7.0), hope you (6.9)
Accurate segmentation of lung cancer in pathology slides is a critical step in improving patient care. We proposed the ACDC@LungHP (Automatic Cancer Detection and Classification in Whole-slide Lung Histopathology) challenge for evaluating different computer-aided diagnosis (CADs) methods on the automatic diagnosis of lung cancer. The ACDC@LungHP 2019 focused on segmentation (pixel-wise detection) of cancer tissue in whole slide imaging (WSI), using an annotated dataset of 150 training images and 50 test images from 200 patients. This paper reviews this challenge and summarizes the top 10 submitted methods for lung cancer segmentation. All methods were evaluated us
Though many tasks in computer vision can be formulated elegantly as pixel-labeling problems, a typical challenge discouraging such a discrete formulation is often due to computational efficiency. Recent studies on fast cost volume filtering based on efficient edge-aware filters provide a fast alternative to solve discrete labeling problems, with the complexity independent of the support window size. However, these methods still have to step through the entire cost volume exhaustively, which makes the solution speed scale linearly with the label space size. When the label space is huge or even infinite, which is often the case for (subpixel-accurate) stereo and optical flow estimation, their computational complexity becomes quickly unacceptable. Developed to search approximate nearest neighbors rapidly, the PatchMatch method can significantly reduce the complexity dependency on the search space size. But, its pixel-wise randomized search and fragmented data access within the 3D cost volume seriously hinder the application of efficient cost slice filtering. This paper presents a generic and fast computational framework for general multi-labeling problems called PatchMatch Filter (PMF). We explore effective and efficient strategies to weave together these two fundamental techniques developed in isolation, i.e., PatchMatch-based randomized search and efficient edge-aware image filtering. By decompositing an image into compact superpixels, we also propose superpixel-based novel search strategies that generalize and improve the original PatchMatch method. Further motivated to improve the regularization strength, we propose a simple yet effective cross-scale consistency constraint, which handles labeling estimation for large low-textured regions more reliably than a single-scale PMF algorithm. Focusing on dense correspondence field estimation in this paper, we demonstrate PMF's applications in stereo and optical flow. Our PMF methods achieve top-tier correspondence accuracy but run much faster than other related competing methods, often giving over 10-100 times speedup.
Summary Economic load dispatch (ELD) is a key issue for the economic and eco‐friendly operation of smart grids. With the increasing prevalence of renewable energy generation (REG), the stochastic properties of REG are drawing increased attention in the field of microgrid ELD. In this paper, the microgrid ELD problem considering uncertain REG, namely stochastic ELD (SELD), is formulated based on the wait‐and‐see approach. SELD is an optimization problem constrained by stochastic variables, and the optimal solutions are also random. The model incorporates many important factors, such as the detailed generation cost characteristics of microsources that make it difficult to obtain closed‐form solutions. Therefore, the efficient two‐point estimate method is applied to determine means and standard deviations of optimal solutions. To solve the cost‐minimization subproblem of microgrid SELD, an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) is also proposed. The simulation results show that the new mechanism in IPSO contributes to the optimization ability. Results also show that combined heat and power‐based microsources and the electricity tariff between the upstream grid and the microgrid have a significant influence on the expected total cost. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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