The availability of bound residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in reference to their parent compounds, can be enhanced by microbial activity and chemical reactions, which pose severe risks for the ecosystems encompassing contaminated soils. Considerable attention has been raised on how to remove these bound residues from PAH-contaminated soils. This paper provides a novel application of Fenton oxidation in the removal of bound residues of model PAHs, such as naphthalene (NAP), acenaphthene (ACP), fluorene (FLU) and anthracene (ANT), from naturally contaminated soils. The citric acid-enhanced Fenton treatment resulted in the degradation of bound PAH residues that followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with rate constants within 4.22 × 10−2, 1.25 × 10−1 and 2.72 × 10−1 h−1 for NAP, FLU, and ANT, respectively. The reactivity of bound PAH residues showed a correlation with their ionization potential (IP) values. Moreover, the degradation rate of bound PAH residues was significantly correlated with H2O2-Fe2+ ratio (m/m) and H2O2 concentrations. The highest removal efficiencies of bound PAH residues was up to 89.5% with the treatment of chelating agent oxalic acid, which was demonstrated to be superior to other acids, such as citric acid and hydrochloric acid. This study provides valuable insight into the feasibility of citric acid-Fenton and oxalic acid-Fenton treatments in rehabilitating bound PAH residues in contaminated soils.
More and more environmental hormones (EHs) had been released into the environment, and it has caused a certain influence and interference on normal activities of the organisms. The EHs genetic toxicity testing methods have been constantly improved with the development of molecular biology techniques. This paper mainly reported the gene-toxicity methods, present status and took an outlook for the research trend on EHs.
Some researches on heavy metals treatment and disposal methods have been reported, the studies related to the single heavy metal toxicity are developed, but the relatively on toxicity of multi-compounds heavy metals and their mixture have been poorly discussed. This article describes the levels of single heavy metals, compares the strengths and weaknesses of diferent test methods, emphasizes on the characteristics of joint toxicity with mixture. The analysis results discover that the combined toxicity of heavy metals vary with different mixtures combinations, test target, methods and some predictive models were adopted to determine the dose-effect relationship. which propose the development direction of heavy metals toxicity, provide theoretical support for the establishment of environmental monitoring and evaluation methods system.
With in-depth knowledge of pesticide contamination, toxicity and mechanisms of toxicity studies of pesticides on algae growing. Toxicity of pesticides to algae is destruction of algal biofilm structure and function, effect of algae photosynthesis, respiration, also effects of algal physiological and biochemical components. Different growing influence of different types of pesticides on Scenedesmus obliquus, the impact of pesticides with different components of Scenedesmus obliquus will be different. This paper reviews the growth and impact of the toxic effects of pesticides on the ramp mechanism Scencdesmus.
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), which is widely distributed in the environment, long residual period, semi volatile, high toxicity of persistent organic pollutants (pops), can migrate for long distances through a variety of environmental medias. In this study, we introduced the OCPs on the ways of pollution in the environmental soil and its characteristics of residues. We discussed the migration and transformation of OCPs in the environmental soil.
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