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The study evaluated the impact of fermentation with Bacillus sp. on the nutritional quality of soybean meal (SBM) and the changes of bacterial community structure during fermentation. High protease-producing strains were screened to degrade SBM macromolecular protein and anti-nutritional factors (ANFs). Unsterilized SBM then underwent an anaerobic solid-state fermentation method to evaluate the effects of fermentation. Results showed that for the nine high-producing protease strains that were screened, acid-soluble protein (ASP) contents in fermented SBM increased, with the highest value found to be 13.48%, which was fermented using strain N-11. N-11 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. N-11 fermentation reduced ANFs such as glycinin and β-conglycinin by 82.38 and 88.32%, respectively. During N-11 fermentation, the bacterial richness and diversity in SBM increased but not significantly. The high-yield protease strain B. subtilis N-11 selected in this experiment improved the nutritional quality of SBM through fermentation, and it can be used for industrial large-scale production.

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Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of phentolamine in the treatment of feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight. Methods: Seventy-one low-birth-weight infants with feeding intolerance were randomly divided into the phentolamine group and the erythromycin group (38 patients and 33 patients, respectively). The infants were given basic treatment, such as gastric lavage, temporary fasting, nutritional support and abdominal massage. The phentolamine group was intravenously pumped with phentolamine as the basis of basic treatment, while the erythromycin group was given erythromycin as the basis of basic treatment. The time for gastrointestinal symptoms to disappear, the time the basic standard was reached, the time parenteral nutrition was used, the total time enteral feeding was implemented, the length of stay, and the increase in physical indexes according to the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks of the two groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference between the phentolamine group and the erythromycin group in vomiting disappearance time or the increase in physical indicators at the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks (P>0.05), while the abdominal distension disappearance time, the time of restoration to birth weight, the time to reach the basic standard, the total time of parenteral nutrition, the total time of enteral feeding, and the length of stay in the phentolamine group were shorter than those in the erythromycin group, with significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Phentolamine has a significant effect on alleviating symptoms and shortening the treatment time while treating feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight, without adverse events, so it is worthy of clinical promotion. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2633 How to cite this:Li H, Li B, Wen X. Clinical efficacy of phentolamine in the treatment of feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2633 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The thermal behavior of 3,3-dinitroazetidinium hydrochloride (DNAZ•HCl) was studied at a nonisothermal condition by differential scanning calorimetric and thermogravimetric/differential thermogravimetric methods. The results show that there is only one intense exothermic decomposition process. Its kinetic parameters of the intense exothermic decomposition process are obtained from analysis of the DSC curves. The apparent activation energy (E a ), pre-exponential factor (A), and the mechanism function ( f(α)) are 155.72 kJ•mol −1 , 10 15.84 s −1 and 3α 2/3 , respectively. The specific heat capacity (C p ) of DNAZ•HCl was determined with a continuous C p mode of microcalorimeter. The specific molar heat capacity (C p,m ) of DNAZ•HCl was 205.10 J•mol −1 •K −1 at 298.15 K. The selfaccelerating decomposition temperature (T SADT ), thermal ignition temperature (T TIT ), and critical temperatures of thermal explosion (T b ) were obtained to evaluate the thermal stability and safety of DNAZ•HCl. The detonation velocity (D) and detonation pressure (P) of DNAZ•HCl were estimated using the nitrogen equivalent equation according to the experimental density. The stability, safety, and detonation performance of DNAZ•HCl were compared with that of 3,3-dinitroazetidinium 3,5dinitrosalicylate (DNAZ•HClO 4 ).