Diabetes mellitus has been reported to be one of the most prevalent comorbidity in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to assess the association of comorbid diabetes with COVID-19 severity or mortality in China. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search from six electronic databases on diabetes and COVID-19. The outcome of interest was disease severity or mortality. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed by the Cochran Q test and the I 2 statistic. A random effects model was applied to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Nine studies from different provinces/cities were identified according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were a total of 1070 patients with diabetes, out of the 8807 COVID-19 cases. The majority of the cases were derived from Hubei Province. A low degree of heterogeneity in the risk estimates was observed in the included studies. Meta-analysis showed that there was a significant association of preexisting diabetes with disease severity or death. The pooled RR was 2.96 (95% CI: 2.31-3.79; p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated no significant changes in the pooled estimates. Conclusions: Comorbid diabetes was associated with an increased risk of disease severity or death in Chinese COVID-19 patients.

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Objective We aimed to explore the associations of selfreported sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia with hypertension based on a community-based survey among adults in Suzhou, Eastern China. MethodsThe Suzhou Food Consumption and Health Survey was conducted from 2018 to 2019. A multistage random sampling method was used to recruit potential participants. Associations of SDB and insomnia with hypertension were examined by multivariable logistic regression models with adjustment for covariates. In addition, sensitivity analysis was used to reinforce our findings.Results A total of 2728 participants were included in the final analysis. SDB (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.44-2.34; P < 0.001) and insomnia (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.04-1.65; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with prevalent hypertension after multivariable adjustments. In the subgroup analysis by age groups and sex, the association between SDB and hypertension persisted in all groups, whereas the association between insomnia and hypertension remained significant in males and different age groups. In addition, SDB was positively correlated with DBP. Notably, participants with comorbid SDB and insomnia had the highest risk for hypertension (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.40-2.72; P < 0.001). ConclusionBoth SDB and insomnia were associated with the prevalence of hypertension among the Chinese adults, whereas the comorbid conditions conveyed the highest risk for hypertension. Our findings provide a new insight for the potential pathogenesis of hypertension and a prevention strategy of hypertension among community adults.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the association between dietary patterns and hypertension based on a community–based survey in Suzhou, Eastern China.MethodsThis cross–sectional analysis was undertaken from the subset of the Suzhou Food Consumption and Health State Survey in 2018–2019. Adults aged ≥ 18 years were invited to participate in this survey. Dietary intake was collected by a 24–h dietary recall and a weighing method over three consecutive days (including two weekdays and one weekend day). Dietary patterns were defined using factor analysis. Association between the dietary patterns and hypertension was examined by multivariable logistic regression models with adjustment for covariates. Moreover, sensitivity analysis was used to reinforce our findings.ResultsA total of 2,718 participants were included in the final analysis. Rice-vegetable pattern, fast food pattern, fruit-dairy pattern, and wheat-meat pattern were identified. We observed that the fruit-dairy pattern was inversely associated with hypertension after adjustment for all the covariates (OR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.75; P = 0.002). The association between the wheat-meat pattern and hypertension was attenuated and became statistically nonsignificant in sensitivity analyses. The other two patterns were not significantly associated with hypertension (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe fruit-dairy pattern was inversely associated with the risk of hypertension among Chinese adults. Our findings further emphasize the important role of optimal diet combination in the prevention of hypertension.

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Background: Assessing the humoral immunity of patients with underlying diseases after being infected with SARS-CoV-2 is essential for determining effective prevention and control strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether underlying disease is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, reveal the seroprevalence of people with underlying disease and the characteristics of dynamic changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and provide evidence for the scientific formulation of COVID-19 vaccination strategies.Methods: The probability ratio sampling method was adopted to systematically select 100 communities from 13 districts in Wuhan, China, followed by a random selection of households from 100 communities according to a list provided by the local government. Individuals who have lived in Wuhan for at least 14 days since December 2019 and were ≥40 years old were included. Individuals with other serious diseases besides COVID-19, from whom a sample could not be obtained or refused to participate, were excluded. All eligible subjects signed a written informed consent form and completed a standardized electronic questionnaire before being enrolled in the group. From April 9–13, 2020, venous blood samples were collected from all individuals; from June 11–13, 2020, and from October 9–December 5, 2020, all positive and matched negative families were followed up.Results: The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in people with underlying diseases was 6.30% (95% CI [5.09-7.52]), and that of people without underlying diseases was 6.12% (95% CI [5.33-6.91]). Among people with underlying diseases, retirees, health workers, and people who have been exposed to fever or respiratory symptoms since December 2019 were more likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. The IgG titer of people with underlying disease decreased significantly over time (P <0.05), but the neutralizing antibody titer remained relatively stable throughout the follow-up period. There was no significant difference between the IgG titer decline rate of people with underlying disease and those without. The IgG titer of people with underlying disease and asymptomatic infection was lower than that in symptomatic infection.Conclusion: These findings imply that vaccination strategies for people with and without underlying diseases may not require special adjustments.

Objective: In December 2019, a new coronavirus is spreading in China at a faster pace. This paper focuses on the regional differences in mortality rate to provide useful references and suggestions for the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV pneumonia in other regions of the world. Material/Methods: Data resource: All date of cases In Yunnan Province was confirmed by the author. Another data came from the authority announcement which is update by hours. All data are beginning announced after January 29.2020 when WHO announces a new outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) at 4 a.m. on January 31.2020. Mortality Rate: All statistical analyses were made using SPSS13.0 for Windows software (SPSS Inc., Chicago). The data indicated are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The t-test was used to compare the variables between groups. P-value greater than 0.005 was considered as statistically significant, Crude mortality (‰)=number of dead individuals per unit time/number of sicknesses per unit time × 1000 ‰. Results: As of 11:34 on April 16, 2020, In China, there were 83,797 confirmed cases, 63 suspected cases, Severe cases 95, 3,352 cases died, 78,504 cases were cured and 713,523 cases were released from medical observation. Hubei has reported 67,803 cases of new crown pneumonia (including 146 cases of clinical diagnosis), among which 50,008 cases (including 146 cases of clinical diagnosis) in Wuhan city, The oversea case is 1,426,071, and only 133818 case died. Crude mortality of Hubei is 47.52 (‰). The crude mortality rate of Hubei Province is significantly different from other provinces (P-value greater than 0.005). Conclusions: Recent COVID-19 case data show that there are not only more cases but also higher mortality rates in the source areas. It revealed a situation that the lack of medical resources and treatment capacity. Effective epidemic prevention can prevent such a situation. Paying attention to the treatment of light patients is conducive to their conversion into severe, and then reduce the mortality. Low mortality rate of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19) outside of the main epidemic area Wuhan shows active medical treatment is the key to reduce mortality.

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