Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted extensive interest for the next‐generation batteries, which, however, are facing great challenges due to the poor reversibility of zinc (Zn) anodes and side reactions of water decomposition. Herein, we demonstrated a strategy that the solvation sheath of Zn ions could be facilely regulated by supramolecular coordination chemistry by adding small amounts of cyclodextrins (CDs) and, hence, inhibited the side reactions and side products, widened the electrochemical window, facilitated the homogenous deposition of Zn ions, refined the Zn grains, and enhanced the stability of Zn anodes. Importantly, we demonstrated that compared with α‐ and β‐CD, the γ‐CD showed the best regulation effect of the solvation sheath of Zn ions either at the same molar ratio or at the same mass concentration, which could be ascribed to their difference in supramolecular coordination chemistry and the strongest interaction of γ‐CD with Zn ions. As a result, with γ‐CD, the Zn//Zn symmetric cells showed ultrahigh stability with a cycling lifespan of over 2400 h at a current density of 1 mA/cm2. These results highlight the regulation of solvation sheath by supramolecular coordination chemistry for highly stable Zn anodes and pave a new way to realize high‐performance ZIBs.
Near-infrared (NIR) photothermal materials have received
significant
attention due to their potential applications in photothermal therapy,
diagnosis, and imaging. In this work, we constructed three mixed-ligand
metal phosphonates, namely, Co(Ni–H6TPPP)(phen)(H2O)2 (CoNi), Ni(Ni–H6TPPP)(phen)(H2O)2 (NiNi), and
Co(Co–H6TPPP)(phen)(H2O)2 (CoCo), where H10TPPP is 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-phenylphosphonic acid)-porphyrin and phen is 1,10-phenanthroline.
These compounds are isostructural showing 1D serrated chain structures
in which the porphyrin rings are stacked between the chains with π–π
interactions. All displayed a broad absorption from the UV–vis
to NIR (ca. 1500 nm) regions in the solid state. Interestingly, the
chains in these compounds can be chemically exfoliated in water by
adjusting the pH, forming interwoven nanostrands/nanosheets with thicknesses
of one to several chains. The photothermal effect was observed for CoNi, NiNi, and CoCo in the solid
state and in HEPES solution (pH = 7.4) upon 808 nm laser irradiation,
among which CoCo showed the highest photothermal conversion
efficiency. The important role of the cobalt(II) ion in the porphyrin
ring and phenylphosphonic unit in extending π-electron delocalization
and enhancing the absorption in the NIR region in CoCo is revealed by theoretical calculations.
Here, 9-(2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-9H-carbazole (OSTrPhCz) is used as a model emitter, and carbazole or 2-bromized carbazole are introduced into the ortho- positions of 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine framework to generate two emitters, namely OTrPhCz and...
Vehicle lightweighting has been considered as one of the most important solutions to improve fuel economy and reduce harmful emissions. Considering the PowerTrain System (PTS) lightweighting of a heavy-duty truck tractor, cast iron of which the transmission shell was made is replaced with aluminum. Such weight reduction caused the irrationality of the natural frequency matching and the vehicle NVH performance become worse. In order to evaluate the influence of PTS lightweighting on the vibration and noise, the theoretical analysis and experimental tests have been done. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) method was adopted for the Powertrain Mounting System (PMS) optimization. Considering the installation position of PMS, the limitations of package space, cost and available time, the mounting stiffness was chosen as the design variables. One combination of the main vibration energy distribution of PMS was selected as the objective function of optimization design. After optimization, the vehicle experimental study was carried out to investigate the vibration and noise performance of the PMS at idle and Whole Open Throttle (WOT). The test results show that the optimization of PMS had a significant improvement on the vehicle vibration and noise performance.
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