The results suggest that ether and midazolam are preferable to ketamine for anesthetized cystometry studies. The results were questionable for propofol, and further studies are needed to make it clear.

Objectives: To report the 2-years follow-up of patients with bulbar urethral strictures treated with the new Allium TM Bulbar Urethral Stent (Allium BUS). Methods: The stent is a fully covered, selfexpendable, large caliber metal stent specially designed for the treatment of bulbar urethral strictures. The stent is comprised of a coiled super-elastic structure covered by a polymeric coating designed to prevent mucosal hyperplasia. The indwelling time is 12 months, after which the stent should have been removed. Sixty-four patients with recurrent bulbar stricture were treated with Allium BUS in 3 worldwide centers. Results: All stents were successfully inserted with no peri-operative complications. In a median follow-up of 25.5 months, the mean maximal flow rate following stent insertion was significantly higher compared to the pre-surgical flow rate (14 ml/sec vs 6.6 ml/sec, p < 0.0001). Longer indwelling time and shorter stricture length were significantly related to success rate. The main complications were stent migration, stent re-stenosis and urinary tract infections. Conclusions: The temporary placement of the Allium TM BUS showed encouraging results with long-term failure rate of only 25%.

Although non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is widely seen in men, most laboratory studies of new intravesical therapies to prevent NMIBC have been conducted on female animals. In addition, ozone (O 3 ) has been shown to be a beneficial agent as an intravesical application in the treatment of various disorders. In the current study, we evaluated the immunohistopathological and oxidative-antioxidative effects of intravesical O 3 treatment on n-methyl-n-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced NMIBC. Male Wistar-Albino rats (n=51) were divided into four groups: sham (n=6), O 3 only (n=15), MNU only (n=15), and MNU+O 3 (n=15). The MNU-only and MNU+O 3 groups received MNU, and the O 3 -only group received saline every other week for 10 weeks. The MNU-only group received 1 ml saline in place of O 3 treatment, whereas the O 3 -only and MNU+O 3 groups were treated with 1 ml 25 µg/ml O 3 between the 7th and 12th weeks. Rat bladders were collected in the 15th week for immunohistopathology and oxidant-antioxidant quantitation. Oxidant-antioxidant parameters were determined by ELISA. Although all surviving rats in the MNU-only group had preneoplastic (4/11, 36.4%) or neoplastic changes (7/11, 63.6%), a completely normal urothelium was observed in 2 rats (2/12, 16.7%) in the MNU+O 3 -group (P=0.478). More high-grade lesions were observed in the MNUonly group (4/11, 36.4%) than in the MNU+O 3 group (1/12, 8.3%) (P=0.120). All oxidant-antioxidant parameters significantly increased (P<0.05) in the O 3 -only group compared with the sham group. However, only antioxidant superoxide dismutase was remarkably higher (178.9%, P=0.060) in the MNU+O 3 group compared with the MNU-only group. This is the first methodologically and pathologically well-described male rat orthotopic bladder carcinogenesis model with intravesical MNU and administration of O 3 in NMIBC.

Introduction:Aim of this study is to investigate bacterial growth on non-infected devices and compare antibiotic-coated and non-coated implants.Materials and methods:The charts of 71 patients who underwent revision surgeries for penile prosthesis between 1995 and 2013 were reviewed. Of those, 31 devices were antibiotic-coated prostheses, while 40 of the implants were non-coated. Swab cultures were routinely obtained from corporal, pump or reservoir site during the operation. If a bacterial biofilm was determined on the prosthesis, it was also cultured.Results:A total of 5 different organisms were cultured from 18 patients. Of them, 4 devices were antibiotic-coated and the other 14 were non-coated devices. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common organism, while Staphylococcus hominis, beta hemolitic streptococcus, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were also cultured. All patients who had positive cultures were treated with appropriate antibiotics for four weeks postoperatively. Median follow-up time was 41 months, ranging between 8 and 82 months. One prosthesis (non-coated) became clinically infected in the follow-up period with a totally different organism. Culture positivity rates of antibiotic-coated and non-coated devices were 13% and 35% respectively and the result was significant (p=0.00254).Conclusions:Positive bacterial cultures are present on non-infected penile prostheses at revision surgeries in some of the patients. Antibiotic coated prostheses have much less positive cultures than non-coated devices.

Angioleiomyoma of the scrotum is a rare benign lesion which can mimic a paratesticular tumor. Any solid mass within the scrotum is considered malignant until proven otherwise. Here, we present a case of an angioleiomyoma of the scrotum in a 33-year-old male who presented with painful scrotal mass. Scrotal ultrasonography demonstrated a solid mass in the scrotum, and surgical excision was carried out. Pathologic examination revealed that the tumor was angioleiomyoma.