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Autonomic modulation and cardiorespiratory variables are influenced by numerous factors, including anthropometric variables. We investigated autonomic recovery following aerobic exercise in healthy men with different waist-stature ratio (WSR) values. The study was conducted with 52 healthy men aged 18 to 30 years, divided into groups according to the WSR: G1 – between 0.40 and 0.449 (N = 19), G2 – between 0.45 and 0.50 (N = 28) and G3 – between 0.5 and 0.56 (N = 5). The subjects endured 15 minutes seated and at rest followed by an aerobic exercise and then remained seated for 60 minutes and at rest during recovery from exercise. Heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) (rMSSD, SD1, HF [ms2]) and cardiorespiratory variables were analyzed before and after exercise. Recovery of respiratory rate, diastolic blood pressure, SD1 and HF indices were delayed in G2. G3 presented delayed recovery after the maximal effort test while no difference with G2 was noted in the moderate intensity. Correlation and linear regression analysis indicated association of WSR, body mass index and waist circumference with HRV indices in the recovery from aerobic exercise (45 to 60 minutes after exercise) in G2. In conclusion, healthy men with higher WSR accomplished delayed autonomic recovery following maximal effort exercise.

A single bout of flexible pole exercise did not induce significant changes in cardiac autonomic regulation in healthy women.

Blood pressure (Bp) is a cardiovascular parameter applied to detect cardiovascular risk. Recently, the pre-hypertension state has received greater consideration for prevention strategies. We evaluated autonomic and cardiorespiratory recovery following aerobic exercise in normotensive individuals with different systolic BP (SBP) values. We investigated 30 healthy men aged 18 to 30 years divided into groups according to systolic BP (SBP): G1 (n = 16), resting SBP <110 mmHg and G2 (n = 14), resting SBP between 120-110 mmHg. The groups endured 15 minutes seated at rest, followed by a submaximal aerobic exercise on a treadmill and then remaining seated for 60 minutes also at rest, during recovery from the exercise. Cardiorespiratory parameters and heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) (rMSSD, SD1, HF [ms 2 ]) were evaluated before and during recovery from exercise. G2 displayed slower return of SBP, rMSSD and SD1 HRV indices during recovery from exercise compared to G1. In conclusion, normotensive subjects with higher resting SBP (110 to 120 mmHg) offered delayed autonomic recovery following moderate exercise. We suggest that this group may be less physiologically optimized leading to cardiac risks. Cardiovascular diseases are the foremost cause of mortality worldwide 1. Studies in humans and animals have demonstrated that autonomic dysfunction is closely related to cardiovascular diseases, since autonomic dysfunction implies an inferior prognosis for individuals, increasing the risk of cardiac arrest, infarctions and sudden death 2-4. Hence, a non-invasive method that evaluates autonomic modulation is heart rate (HR) variability (HRV). It defines the oscillations between consecutive inter-beat intervals (IBI) that are related to the influence of the autonomic nervous system on the sinus node of the heart 5. HRV is reduced in hypertension 6 , which is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disorders and the chief reason of premature death 1,7. Approximately, one billion people globally are hypertensive and more vulnerable to stroke and sudden death 1,7. So, due to the hazardous control of blood pressure (BP) levels in the hypertensive population, there is an increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality 8. According to the most recent guidelines for the management of hypertension, BP is classified as normal for systolic BP (SBP) <120 mmHg and diastolic BP (DBP) <80 mmHg); pre-hypertension for SBP between 129 and 139 mmHg and/or DBP between 80 and 89 mmHg; stage 1 hypertension for SBP between 140 and 159 mmHg and/or DBP between 90 and 99 mmHg and; stage 2 hypertension for SBP values ≥160 mmHg and/or DBP ≥100 mmHg 9. Pre-hypertension was formerly indicated to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease 10. Guo et al. 10 commenced a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to evaluate the connection between pre-hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. The authors considered pre-hypertension or high normal BP as baseline exposure, fatal or non-fatal incident stroke, myocardial...

Introduction: Exercise with flexible poles provides fast eccentric and concentric muscle contractions. Although the literature reports significant muscle chain activity during this exercise, it is not clear if a single bout of exercise induces cardiac changes. In this study we assessed the acute effects of flexible pole exercise on cardiac autonomic regulation. Methods: The study was performed on 22 women between 18 and 26 years old. We assessed heart rate variability (HRV) in the time (SDNN, RMSSD and pNN50) and frequency (HF, LF and LF/HF ratio) domains and geometric indices of HRV (RRTri, TINN, SD1, SD2 and SD1/SD2 ratio). The subjects remained at rest for 10 min and then performed the exercises with the flexible poles. Immediately after the exercise protocol, the volunteers remained seated at rest for 60 min and HRV was analyzed. Results: We observed no significant changes in time domain (SDNN: p=0.72; RMSSD: p=0.94 and pNN50: p=0.92) or frequency domain indices (LF [nu]: p=0.98; LF [ms 2 ]: p=0.72; HF [nu]: p=0.98; HF [ms 2 ]: p=0.82 and LF/HF ratio: p=0.7) or in geometric indices (RRTri: p=0.54; TINN: p=0.77; SD1: p=0.94; SD2: p=0.67 and SD/SD2: p=0.42) before and after a single bout of flexible pole exercise. Conclusion: A single bout of flexible pole exercise did not induce significant changes in cardiac autonomic regulation in healthy women. Efeitos agudos do exercício com hastes flexíveis sobre a dinâmica da frequência cardíaca ResumoIntrodução: Exercícios com hastes flexíveis proporcionam rápidas contrações musculares excêntricas e concêntricas. Embora a literatura relate importante ativação da cadeia muscular durante este exercício, não é claro se uma única sessão de exercício induz alterações cardíacas. Neste estudo foram avaliados os efeitos agudos da haste flexível sobre a regulação autonômica cardíaca. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em 22 mulheres entre 18 e 26 anos. Avaliou-se a variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca (VFC) no domínio do tempo (SDNN, RMSSD e pNN50) e no domínio da frequência (HF, LF e LF relação/HF) e os índices geométricos de VFC (RRtri, TINN, SD1, SD2 e a razão SD1/SD2). Os indivíduos permaneceram em repouso por 10 minutos. Após o período de repouso, os voluntários realizaram os exercícios com as hastes flexíveis. Imediatamente após o protocolo de exercício, os voluntários permaneceram sentados em repouso por 60 minutos e a VFC foi analisada. Resultados: Não foram observadas alterações no domínio do tempo (SDNN: p=0,72; RMSSD: p=0,94 e pNN50: p=0,92) e nos índices no domínio da frequência (LF (nu): p=0,98; LF (ms2): p=0,72; HF (nu): p=0,98; HF (ms2): p=0,82 e a razão LF/HF: p=0,7), bem como para os índices geométricos (RRtri: p=0,54; TINN: p=0,77; SD1: p=0,94; SD2: p=0,67 e SD/SD2: p=0,42) entre o antes e o depois de um único exercício com haste flexível. Conclusão: Uma única sessão de exercício com vara flexível não induziu mudanças na regulação autonômica cardíaca em mulheres saudáveis.

Objetivo: Este estudo verificou a aderência de idosos da comunidade a um programa de exercício físico aquático e quais fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos influenciam na aderência ao programa. Métodos: Trata-se de dados de um ensaio clínico controlado randomizado, unicêntrico, constituído por dois grupos (Grupo Exercício Físico Aquático, GEFA, e Grupo Controle, GC).Os participantes participaram de uma avaliação inicial, contendo anamnese, nível de atividade física (Questionário Baecke Modificado para Idosos), Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke – versão revisada, Escala de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada, Falls Efficacy Scale-International e teste Timed up and go. O GEFA participou de um programa de exercício físico aquático 2 vezes/semana com uma hora de duração cada sessão por 16 semanas. No fim da 16 semanas, os participantes do GEFA responderam a 11 questões objetivas e 1 descritiva referentes a aderência ao programa.Considerou-se como aderência satisfatória frequência igual ou superior a 50% aos exercícios. 24 idosas com idade acima de 65 anos e apresentando até 2 comorbidades participaram deste estudo . O presente estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP/ UFMS), sob CAAE 03898218.0.1001.0021. Resultados: O GEFA apresentou uma média de 52,2% de frequência ao programa de exercícios, com 10 idosas apresentando aderência satisfatória e 4 idosas ficaram próximas.Os idosos relataram melhora na saúde, principalmente em relação a funcionalidade e das dores,da atenção para a realização de múltiplas atividades, também quanto a relacionamento com colegas e ótima relação com a fisioterapeuta, descrevendo ser simpática, dedicada,atenciosa, ademais,com explicações de fácil entendimento para execução eficaz.Conclusão: Quanto aos resultados apresentados houve correlação significativa negativa entre o risco de depressão e a aderência dos participantes.Sugere-se que embora a baixa adesão, às idosas preferem os exercícios aquáticos. Ademais, o menor risco de depressão pode influenciar positivamente na adesão do idoso ao exercício aquático.   Palavras-chave: Envelhecimento. Aderência. Exercício físico aquático. Fisioterapia

AIM:Recently, many new ways of physical training focusing on health promotion and higher performance have been articulated. So, high intensity training has been spotlighted as the best way to improve physical aptitude and to optimize cardiorespiratory and metabolic functions. We intended to describe high intensity training protocols and their effects on cardiac autonomic regulation. METHODS:The studies were selected in the databases PubMed, Medline, Scielo and Lilacs. The keywords cited were: Exercise, Autonomic Nervous System, Cardiovascular System, which were defined based on the MeSH. RESULTS: The selected articles presented vagal withdrawal and increase in the sympathetic modulation during the exercise protocols. It highlighted cardiovascular overload and thus, increases in arterial pressure and heart rate, improving cardiovascular endurance over time. CONCLUSION: The practice of exercise affects the cardiac autonomic modulation according to the level of intensity and volume advocated.