This study aimed to map indicators of violence against women as recorded by primary healthcare services in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, and to identify difficulties experienced by health professionals in reporting such violence. Epidemiological data on this type of notification were collected in the information system of the Municipal Health Department. Data were produced with a semi-structured questionnaire and three focus group sessions with participation by 270 primary care professionals. The data were submitted to content analysis and were coded, categorized, and discussed in light of a literature review. A central analytical axis was called (in)visibility of violence against women. The data revealed both the recognition of violence as a public health problem and the invisibility that prevents dealing with it properly. Notification of such violence is often viewed as a fuss or commotion, which hampers progress in discussing and acting on the problem.

Abstract

RESUMOO objetivo do estudo foi analisar o impacto da prática habitual de atividade física, mediante informações reunidas por intermédio do International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), no perfil lipídico em amostra representativa de sujeitos adultos. A amostra foi constituída por 361 sujeitos (196 mulheres e 165 homens) com idades entre 20 e 60 anos. As concentrações de lipídeos plasmáticos foram estabelecidas mediante procedimentos laboratoriais. Os achados revelaram que, em ambos os sexos, os níveis plasmáticos de HDL-colesterol e VLDL-colesterol não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos de prática habitual de atividade física. Os valores de triglicerídeos, colesterol sérico total e LDL-colesterol foram significativamente diferentes em mulheres e homens, porém o comportamento de variação foi diferente nos dois sexos. As informações da análise de regressão logística indicaram que as odds ratios para menores valores de lipídeos plasmáticos foram significativas somente nos sujeitos classificados como muito-ativos em comparação com os sedentários. Como conclusão, os resultados sugerem que mais elevada prática habitual de atividade física determinada pelo IPAQ apresenta significativo impacto no perfil lipídico em adultos de ambos os sexos, independentemente da idade e das variações do peso corporal. ABSTRACT Impact of the Habitual Physical Activity on Lipid Profile in Adults.The present study was designed to analyze the impact of the habitual physical activity determined by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) on lipid profile in representative sample of adults. A sample of 361 subjects (196 women and 165 men) aged 20-60 years old was included in the study. Plasma lipid concentrations were measured by standard procedures. The results showed that HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly different across physical activity groups in both sexes. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly different across physical activity groups in women and men, but the pattern of variation was different between genders. The results from logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds ratios for low plasma lipid levels was significant only in subjects classified as very active compared with sedentary. In conclusion, the results suggest that increased habitual physical activity determined by IPAQ present significant impact in the plasma lipid profile in adults of both sexes, independently of the age and of the variations of the body weight.

TANASOV, V. S.; NETO, W. K.; GONÇALVES, L.; MAIFRINO, L. B. M.; DE SOUSA, R. R. & GAMA, E. F. Use of anabolic steroid altered the liver morphology of rats. Int. J. Morphol., 32(3):756-760, 2014. SUMMARY:The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of testosterone propionate administration in the liver of rats. The rats were divided in the following groups: Initial control (SC), Aged control (SE) and Anabolic group (SA). Testosterone propionate was administered three times per week during 16 weeks. Using morphoquantitative techniques, we quantified the volume densities of lobular and non-lobular parenchyma, area and number of nuclei of hepatocytes. The data were analyzed statistically using mean and standard deviation, ANOVA one-way and level of significance about p≤0.05. Our results showed an increase in capillaries, perisinusoidal spaces and biliary ducts in SE group compared to SC. SA group showed a decrease in hepatic cells, non-lobular volume density and hepatocytes nuclei area, but also an increase in capillaries, perisinusoidal spaces, biliary ducts, number of hepatocytes and non-hepatocyte nuclei compared to SC. We conclude that a direct toxicity may have occurred, with consequent loss of the cells.

Lung cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer in humans and a leading cause of death worldwide. The high mortality rates are correlated with late diagnosis, which leads to high rates of metastasis found in patients. Thus, despite all the improvement in therapeutic approaches, the development of new drugs that control cancer cell migration and metastasis are required. The heptapeptide angiotensin-(1–7) [ang-(1–7)] has demonstrated the ability to control the growth rates of human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and the elucidation of central elements that control the fine-tuning of cancer cells migration in the presence of the ang-(1–7), will support the development of new therapeutic approaches. Ang-(1–7) is a peptide hormone of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and this study investigates the modulatory effect of the heptapeptide on the expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) in lung tumor cells, to elucidate mechanistic concerns about the effect of the peptide in the control of tumor migratory processes. Our primary aim was to compare the miRNA profiling between treated and untreated-heptapeptide cells to characterize the relevant molecule that modulates cellular migration rates. The analyses selected twenty one miRNAs, which are differentially expressed between the groups; however, statistical analyses indicated miRNA-149-3p as a relevant molecule. Once functional analyses were performed, we demonstrated that miRNA-149-3p plays a role in the cellular migration processes. This information could be useful for future investigations on drug development.

The development of new therapeutic strategies to control or reverse hepatic fibrosis requires thorough knowledge about its molecular and cellular basis. It is known that the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7) [ang-(1-7)] can reduce hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in vivo; therefore, it is important to uncover the mechanisms regulating its activity and cellular model of investigation. Ang-(1-7) is a peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and here we investigated its modulatory effect on the expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) LX-2, which transdifferentiate into fibrogenic and proliferative cells. We compared the miRNA profiles between quiesced, activated and ang-(1-7)-treated activated HSCs to identify miRNAs that may regulate their transdifferentiation. Thirteen miRNAs were pointed, and cellular and molecular analyses identified miRNA-1914-5p as a molecule that contributes to the effects of ang-(1-7) on lipid metabolism and on the pro-fibrotic environment control. In our cellular model, we also analyzed the regulators of fatty acid metabolism. Specifically, miRNA-1914-5p regulates the expression of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MLYCD) and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase (PAP or Lipin-1). Additionally, Lipin-1 was closely correlated with mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)-α and -γ, which also contribute to lipid homeostasis and to the reduction of TGF-β1 expression. These findings provide a novel link between RAS and lipid metabolism in controlling HSCs activation.

Resistance exercise combined with testosterone triggered a response of compensatory adjustment in the increase of Nv [cap], collagen and interstitial space, increasing perfusion and nutrition to the heart.

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