The purpose of the article is to systematize the impact factors of quarantine measures related to COVID-19 on the agrarian sector and food security and assess their socio-economic consequences. Research methods. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach to the study of the studied phenomena and processes and dialectical method of cognition, that which allow to comprehensively consider the processes, related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictive measures on the agrarian sector and food security of the country. When generalizing the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study, systematizing the factors of impact, the techniques of the abstract-logical method, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and comparison were used. In order to assess the trends in the development of the agrarian sector in analytical studies, economic and statistical methods were used (comparative analysis, relative values, trend analysis etc.). Research results. The impact factors of quarantine measures related to COVID-19 pandemic on the agrarian sector with the selection of ten groups of stimulants and disincentives, exogenous and endogenous effects have been identified and systematized. This made it possible to determine the synergistic effect of their interaction. The socio-economic consequences of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures on the domestic agrarian sector and food security were assessed in the following areas: production of agri-food products, its sales in domestic and foreign markets, investments, efficiency of economic activity, rural labor market, employment in the agrarian sector. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and methodological provisions, scientific-methodical and practical approaches to systematization of impact factors of quarantine measures and the spread of COVID-19 pandemic on agrarian sector, food security and assessing the degree of their influence on the socio-economic development of the industry are substantiated. Practical significance. The principal thesis and conclusions set out in the article have been brought to the level of practical recommendations, the implementation of which will allow to substantiate management decisions in the implementation of effective state policy for the development and support of the agrarian sector, ensuring the adaptability of national producers to restrictive quarantine measures in the context of COVID-19 pandemic spread. Tabl.: 5. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 29.
A study based on the example of Ukraine and other countries reveals the need to form a mechanism for financial incentives for high-end households of the rural population, including for the creation of additional environmental benefits in the context of the stable development of rural areas of Ukraine.The general scheme of the financial incentive mechanism, tools for ensuring environmental benefits for sustainable development of rural areas is given. A hypothesis has been put forward about the full participation of private peasant farms as stakeholders in the structure of the agricultural sector by involving them in the taxation system and state support through the application of a fixed amount of tax per 1 ha of farmland (or exemption from it); preferential procedure for the payment of social contributions; stimulation of production through access to credit resources (Credit Guarantee Fund), stimulation of diversification of activities; formation of preferences for capitalization; creation of specialized local markets for the sale of products of the household plots; simplification of access to land resources.The results obtained confirmed the positive impact of fiscal levers of transformation of households on sustainable economic development and environmental benefits of rural areas, which can be considered as the basis for the formation of state policy in terms of developing a strategy for rural development, ensuring food and environmental security in Ukraine.
Карантинні заходи здійснюють суттєвий вплив на економічні процеси, що призводить до змін у фінан совому забезпеченні суб'єктів господарювання. Метою дослідження є опрацювання методологічних за сад оцінювання впливу карантинних заходів, пов'язаних з COVID 19, на функціонування аграрного сек тору економіки. Авторами систематизовано форми та напрями впливу карантинних заходів як безпосе редньо на функціонування аграрного сектору економіки, так і на фінансову системи держави. Адже ос тання включає в себе систему фінансових регуляторів, за рахунок яких здійснюється вплив на економічні процеси загалом та в галузі сільського господарства зокрема. Від ефективності застосування таких регу
State security is the main guideline of state policy in the face of global challenges. For Ukraine, it is especially relevant, because during the period of the russian-Ukrainian war, its foundations and essence experience significant deformations. Since the risks and threats to national security have increased enormously in Ukraine under martial law, its financial component should be formed according to the tools corresponding to the challenges, even ahead of them, since, according to analysts, modern war is a war of finances. The problems faced by the state, the banking system, financial and commodity markets and institutions, corporations and households need new financial instruments to ensure flexibility in financing strategic goals. As of September, the losses of the Ukrainian economy from the war are estimated according to various estimates, from USD 105 billion, or 70% of the average annual GDP over the past 5 years, to USD 600 billion, and this exceeds the level of GDP in 2021 by 3 times. This actualizes the needs of the scientific study of financial instruments with the aim of effective state regulation and equalization in the face of limited and increasing losses of human and material resources, changes in the direction and speed of financial flows, their sources, structure, reproduction and reservation. The study examines financial instruments of a predominantly budgetary direction, as well as the components of national indicators of financial security. It is also important to analyze the share of the state in the economy, the size of which determines the speed of response and the completeness of resistance due to a threat to national security. To achieve the goals of the study, the main legally established risks of financial instruments of the national economy during the period of martial law are systematized. The indicators of the financial security of the state for the period of hybrid and military aggression of the rf (2013-2021) were assessed, and according to open sources of data, which are rather limited, a forecast of these indicators for 2022 was made. On the basis of the Financial Stability Report of the National Bank of Ukraine, the budget innovations of the period of martial law are analyzed. The sources of financing the state budget for the period of the legal regime of martial law and its main directions for 2023 are summarized. It is concluded that the financial system of Ukraine in a short time managed to organize financial flows in accordance with the needs of ensuring national security, form an optimal balance of resources, maintain the volume of financing of basic budget expenditures, attract donor resources and resist the inevitable decline of the economy during the war. The role of donor countries of economic and military assistance, in particular Latvia, in deterring military aggression and ensuring the stability of Ukraine's financial policy was emphasized.
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