In this article, we explore the intersecting concepts of fairness, trust and temporality in relation to the implementation of an online peer-to-peer review Moodle Workshop tool at a Sydney metropolitan university. Drawing on qualitative interviews with unit convenors and online surveys of students using the Workshop tool, we seek to highlight a complex array of attitudes, both varied and contested, towards online peer assessment. In particular, we seek to untangle convenors' positive appraisal of the Workshop tool as a method of encouraging 'meta-cognitive' skills, and student perceptions relating to the redistribution of staff marking workload vis-à-vis the peer review tool as 'unfair', 'time-consuming' and 'unprofessional'. While the Workshop tool represents an innovative approach to the development of students' meta-cognitive attributes, the competitive atmosphere that circulates, and is quietly encouraged, within the tertiary education sector limits the true collaborative pedagogical potential and capacities approach built into peer-to-peer review initiatives like the Workshop tool.
Time-sampling measurements are used in this paper to build time dependent LTPS TFT current model. The device model that considers bias and time dependent threshold voltage (V th ) shift and mobility degradation is implemented in Eldo through GUDM for simulating a pixel circuit as an indicator of panel performance. Author Keywordstime-sampling measurement, LTPS, V th shift, mobility degradation, Eldo, GUDM, transient current. Objective and BackgroundThe performance of a low-temperature poly-silicon (LTPS) thin film transistor (TFT) is usually judged by its threshold voltage (V th ), mobility (), sub-threshold swing (SS) and on-off current ratio (I on /I off ) [1] . In addition to the trap concentration, the activation energy of the traps should be noticed too [11]. Nonetheless, the activation energy of the traps is bias dependent [11]. Therefore, the factors for threshold voltage shift include the gate and drain bias can be expressed as ∆V th = ∆V th (V gs , V ds , Time, Temp). Our goal is to extract the time and bias dependency factor of V th shift from I d -V g and time sampling measure method. The objective of building this model is to enable designers to simulate the image retention time in AMOLED pixel circuit for panel performance estimation. ResultsA P-type LTPS TFT is fabricated with 120nm gate insulator layer and channel dimension of 30μm in length and 3 μm wide. The electrical characteristics were measured in ambient temperature (25℃).When studying the image retention behavior, the chessboard pattern shown in Figure 1 is usually used to observe the image residual phenomenon which is the direct evidence of image retention and the criterion of the panels' quality check. The panel is controlled to display chessboard image for a certain length of time and then switch to pure gray image to observe how long the residual images of previous chessboard image remains. For the pixels, the image change consists of two types of operations, which are white (L255) to gray (L128) and black (L0) to gray (L128). Two panels with different image retention time are selected as the target for examining the effectiveness of the proposed model extraction method. One of them has residual image that lasts 10 seconds, and that of the other lasts 120 seconds. On each panel, one TEG is selected to represent the I-V characteristics of all TFT in the panel. In the following paragraphs, the origins of the residual image will be analyzed and an analytical approach of deriving and extracting the model parameters with transient current will be presented. For an AMOLED panel, the luminance is from the OLED device whose current is controlled by the driving TFT. Therefore, we will focus on the variations of the LTPS TFT because the behavior variations of OLED are within milliseconds and is far from the scale of retention time observed [12]. To mimic the stability of the driving TFT current on a
Summary Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) are multi‐system disorders where target organ damage is mediated by infective, autoimmune and inflammatory processes. Bronchiectasis is probably the most common disabling complication of CVID. The risk factors for bronchiectasis in CVID patients are incompletely understood. The New Zealand CVID study (NZCS) is a nationwide longitudinal observational study of adults, which commenced in 2006. In this analysis, the prevalence and risk factors for bronchiectasis were examined in the NZCS. After informed consent, clinical and demographic data were obtained with an interviewer‐assisted questionnaire. Linked electronic clinical records and laboratory results were also reviewed. Statistical methods were applied to determine if variables such as early‐onset disease, delay in diagnosis and increased numbers of infections were associated with greater risk of bronchiectasis. One hundred and seven adult patients with a diagnosis of CVID are currently enrolled in the NZCS, comprising approximately 70% of patients known to have CVID in New Zealand. Fifty patients (46·7%) had radiologically proven bronchiectasis. This study has shown that patients with compared to those without bronchiectasis have an increased mortality at a younger age. CVID patients with bronchiectasis had a greater number of severe infections consequent to early‐onset disease and delayed diagnosis. Indigenous Māori have a high prevalence of CVID and a much greater burden of bronchiectasis compared to New Zealand Europeans. Diagnostic latency has not improved during the study period. Exposure to large numbers of infections because of early‐onset disease and delayed diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of bronchiectasis. Earlier diagnosis and treatment of CVID may reduce the risk of bronchiectasis and premature death in some patients.
Background Headache is a common problem in primary care and one of the main reasons general practitioners (GP) consult the neurology service. We developed an online adult headache guideline (Supporting Information Appendix S1) for the greater Wellington Region as a resource for GP to guide identification of concerning headaches, initiation of prophylactic medications for migraine and management of analgesic overuse headache. Aims To examine the effectiveness of this adult headache guideline in reducing demand on the neurology outpatient service for headache patients that could readily be managed in primary care. Methods We reviewed electronic referrals to Wellington Hospital's neurology department before and after the implementation of the online headache guideline. The primary outcome was the proportion of referrals for headache. Secondary outcomes included proportion of referrals requiring clinic review, rate of pre‐referral trial of headache prophylactic medication and medication overuse headache diagnosed at neurological consultation. Results Nine hundred neurology referrals before and 801 referrals after the publication of the online headache guideline were included. There was a statistically significant reduction in proportion of referrals for headache (15.4% vs 11.7%; P = 0.026). There was neither an increased rate of pre‐referral adequate prophylactic medication trial (33.8% vs 27.7%; P = 0.320) nor fewer medication overuse headaches diagnosed during the neurology assessment (21.9% vs 25.0%; P = 0.674). Conclusion The launch of an online headache guideline was associated with a reduction in demand on neurology service. Further education could improve the utilisation of this guideline, to avoid delays in prophylactic treatment and reduce the harm of medication overuse.
The impact of stress effect to the performance of an IGZO panel is discussed in this paper. Depart from conventional method of observing the threshold voltage (V th ) shift, the time dependency of serial I D -V G test is included in building an accurate V th shift model. The model can be used to simulate the IGZO TFT current change under fixed bias for aiding the circuit design and optimization. Author KeywordsIGZO TFT; Model; V th shift.
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