The development of calibration-free Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) has reduced the challenges faced by quantitative elemental analysis using conventional methods and expanded the scope of LIBS as an analytical technique....
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is a potential tool for qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of multi-element materials. The emission spectrum is composed of the characteristic lines of the constituent species, and their intensities are proportional to the population of their energy states and transition probability. We simulated the emission spectrum of copper-tin-zinc alloys under typical laser-induced plasma conditions (e.gTe= 1 eVand Ne
= 1017cmr3). Saha LTE equation determines the population of neutral and ionised species for each of these constituent elements. The Boltzmann distribution is used to calculate the strength of their probable transitions, and each line is given a broadened Gaussian profile. Their sum will approximate an ideal plasma spectrum of the alloy. Spectra are generated for varying temperatures, electron density, and compositions and show variations based on these parameters. This simulation provides a simple and convenient way to perform laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) applications on any alloy sample.
Even though laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has emerged as a powerful analytical technique, the broad continuum emission and self-absorption effects in laser-produced plasmas (LPP) limit the accuracy of the LIBS technique in multi-elemental compositional analysis. In this work, we developed an algorithm to detect and remove the broad continuum emission, which usually originates from free-free and free-bound transitions. To eliminate the continuum, the segment-wise background correction method (using identified continuum parts of varied range) was used. The spectral interference of lines is more likely to be found in LIBS spectra, especially with low-resolution spectrometers. A Lorentzian curve fitting method was used to resolve closely spaced emission lines. The ‘internal reference self-absorption correction (IRSAC)’ method was introduced to correct the reabsorption effects in LPPs. When these methods are applied to LIBS data of bronze alloy, more accurate quantitative findings are obtained, with a major component accuracy error of less than 10% when compared to its reference abundance.
Laser surface texturing (LST) is a rapid single-step method for surface functionalization. Different micro and nanoscale structures can be fabricated by controlling the laser parameters, ambient conditions, and material properties. In this work, we investigated the role of laser scanning speed in the morphological and optical properties of nanosecond laser textured silicon surfaces. Keeping the laser flounce just above the threshold, we controlled the laser scanning speed in the range 50-100 μm/s to monitor the morphological and optical changes. Morphological analysis shows various randomly arranged microstructures in the processed area, and the induced structures strongly depend on the scanning speed. The total reflection spectrum (specular+diffuse) from laser textured silicon shows that a significant reduction (≈60%) in reflectivity is possible with the decrease in scanning speed from 100 μm/s to 50 μm/s. These highly absorptive and large-area microstructures have numerous possibilities in photovoltaics, optoelectronic devices, and other material science applications.
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