Sampah merupakan material sisa dari suatu proses yang memiliki dampak bahaya untuk lingkungan dan kesehatan. Solusi dari dampak tersebut adalah penanggulangan sampah dengan perancangan dan pembuatan alat, serta pelatihan dan pendampingan yang berhubungan dengan pengolahan sampah. Kegiatan ini merupakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat bagi warga Desa Burai, Kecamatan Tanjung Batu, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan dimana sampah organik diubah menjadi pupuk kompos. Proses pembuatan pupuk kompos dilakukan dengan 3 tipe yaitu, kompos celup, kompos padat-cair, dan kompos padat. Kapasitas sampah organik yang diolah sebanyak 8 kg dan proses berlangsung selama 20-40 hari. Kompos cair yang dihasilkan dari proses celup sebanyak 4,5 Liter. Untuk komposter padat-cair telah dihasilkan kompos cair sebanyak 1,8 liter, kompos padatnya sebanyak 2,1 kg. Untuk komposter padat, dihasilkan kompos padat sebanyak 2,6 kg. Tingkat pengetahuan warga terhadap pengelolaan sampah secara umum masih relatif kecil, secara rata-rata hanya 48%. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan warga yang tingkat dasar (SD) mencapai 48%. Untuk pengalaman warga dalam mengelola sampah sudah cukup baik, yaitu sebanyak 53%. Persepsi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga sudah baik, yaitu sebanyak 71% menyatakan setuju atas upaya pengelolaan sampah. Dengan tingkat persepsi yang tinggi tersebut tidak mendorong tingginya tingkat partisipasi warga terhadap pengelolaan sampah. Sebanyak 41-57% warga tidak pernah berpartisipasi baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga.
World Health Organization (WHO) has announced that COVID-19 as a global pandemic and public health emergency. Previous studies have revealed that COVID-19 was an infectious disease and it could remain viable in ambient air for hours. Therefore, this study aims to examine the correlation between air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2 and O3) and COVID-19 spread in Jakarta, Indonesia. Furthermore, this study also evaluates the impact of large-scale social restriction (LSSR) on air pollution index (API). Result of study found that air pollution index of PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2 and NO2 decreased by 9.48%, 15.74%, 29.17%, 6.26% and 18.34% during LSSR period. While, for O3 showed an increase by 4.06%. Another result also found significantly positive correlations of SO2, CO and PM2.5 with COVID-19 cases. An exposure to SO2, CO and PM2.5 has driven the area become vulnerable for COVID-19 infection. Our findings indicated that the relationship between air pollutants and COVID-19 spread could provide a new notion for precaution and control method of COVID-19 outbreak.
Biodiesel application in boiler is basicly potential due to the combustion system tends to be simpler than compression ignition as performed in diesel engine. The various tests on combustion facilities showed that the use of biodiesel will increase the fuel consumption. This study was conducted in a fire tube boiler, with heat input rate of 60.000 kCal/hr and 3 bars of pressure, using palm biodiesel. A series of test shown that the combustion behavior in boiler was strongly possible influenced by some changes in physical properties of the fuel. The blends was varied in 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100% of biodiesel in mixture with petrodiesel. The fuel consumption was likely similar or slightly lower than petrodiesel when the fuel used in lower blends (less than 20%). In higher blends, the fuel consumption was increased up to 17%. The rate of consumption was relatively lower at average 9,4% in half load mode of the boiler operation rather than full load.
Abstract. Fuel stability is one of major problem in biodiesel application. Some of the physical properties of biodiesel are commonly changed during storage. The change in physico-chemical properties is strongly correlated to the stability of the fuel. This study is objected to observe the potential materials for biodiesel storage. The test was conducted in three kinds of tank materials, such as glass, HDPE, and stainless steel. The fuel properties are monitored in 12 weeks, while the sample was analyzed every week. Biodiesel used is palm oil based. The storage tanks were placed in a confined indoor space with range of temperature 27-34 o C. The relative humidity and sunshine duration on the location was also evaluated. The observed properties of the fuel blends were density, viscosity and water content. During 12 weeks of storage, the average density of B20 was changed very slightly in all tanks, while the viscosity was tend to increase sharply, especially in polimerics tank. Water content of B20 was increased by the increase of storage time especially in HDPE tank. In short period of storage, the biodiesel blends is found more stable in glass tank due to its versatility to prohibit oxidation, degradation, and its chemical resistance.
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