Both surgical techniques are relevant in treating Miller's class I recession. The pouch technique seems to increase the height of KT better and provides good gingival-related aesthetic outcomes.

There is some evidence that periodontitis increases the risk of atherothrombosis. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease with specific risk factors and physiopathological mechanisms that can lead to rupture in the absence of treatment. The aim of the present systematic review was to explore the influence of periodontitis on the progression of AAAs as a specific disease. A systematic search in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed. Human and animal studies exploring the influence of periodontal pathogens on the progression of AAA were considered for inclusion. After systematic screening, 5 articles were included in the review. Due to the heterogeneity of the selected studies, a metaanalysis could not be performed. The descriptive analyses of the studies emphasized that periodontal pathogens or their by-products contribute to systemic and local innate immunity likely to be associated with AAA physiopathology. Periodontitis seems to play a role in the development and progression of AAA. The present systematic review suggests that the presence of periodontal bacteria in the bloodstream or in situ in the vascular lesion is a risk associated with aneurysmal disease progression.

Background Smoking is considered a risk factor for periodontitis genesis and progression. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the negative effect of smoking, in particular the number of cigarettes consumed (NCC), on periodontal clinical parameters. However, smoking addiction assessed by the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) has received little attention in periodontal research. Methods In smoking patients presenting with periodontitis, the periodontal clinical features were measured and correlated with smoking status. The ability of FTND and NCC to predict periodontitis severity was assessed and compared. Results Thirty‐four smoking patients aged 46.5 ± 11.5 years were included. The means of NCC and FTND were 16.6 ± 5.5 and 5.2 ±1.8, respectively. NCC and FTND were correlated with each other (r = 0.57, P < 0.001). Patients had stage III (44.1%) or stage IV (55.9%) periodontitis and 73.5% presented a generalized extension of periodontitis. The combination of FTND and NCC in discerning disease severity (ROC curve analysis: AUC = 0.746, P = 0.027) was superior to each indicator separately. A discriminant score based on both indicators (D = –0.42 – 0.15 × NCC + 0.63 × FTND) derived by logistic regression showed the opposite role of the indicators and the greater relevance of FTND (P = 0.031) compared to NCC (P = 0.084) in the relationship. Conclusion This study shows that FTND could substantially complement NCC as an indicator of smoking status in periodontal research.

Background: The long-term stability after soft tissue graft for covering gingival recession remains a pivotal goal for both patient and periodontist. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the four-year outcomes of the coronally advanced flap (CAF) versus the pouch/tunnel (POT) technique, both combined with connective tissue graft (CTG), for gingival recession treatment. Methods: Forty patients were initially randomly assigned to the control group (CAF + CTG; N = 20) and the test group (POT + CTG; N = 20). Clinical outcomes included mean root coverage (MRC) and complete root coverage (CRC), gingival thickness (GT), and keratinized tissue (KT) gain. Esthetic outcomes were also analyzed using the pink esthetic score (PES) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). All outcomes initially assessed at six months were extended to four years post-surgery. Results: No significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of MRC and CRC. At four years, significantly greater GT and KT gain were noted in the POT + CTG group, and tissue texture enhancement was also more prominent in the test group. Conclusions: The POT + CTG technique allows for long-term clinical coverage of gingival recessions comparable to that of the CAF + CTG technique, but it potentially improves gingival thickness, keratinized tissue and esthetic results.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by Gram-negative bacteria responsible for the degradation of tissues surrounding tooth. Moreover, periopathogens can invade the bloodstream, disseminate and promote cardiovascular disease, such as the link between Porphyromonas gingivalis and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the severity of periodontitis and of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods: This cross-sectional study compared patients with stable AAA (n = 30) and patients with unstable AAA (n = 31) based on aortic diameter, growth rate, and eligibility for surgical intervention. Periodontal clinical parameters were recorded as well as the Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area and the Periodontal Index for Risk of Infectiousness (PIRI). Microbiological analyses were performed on saliva and supragingival and subgingival plaque. Quantification of Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) was done by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The two AAA groups were homogeneous for age, sex, and most risk factors except hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Periodontal parameters were comparable but the proportion of patients with high PIRI scores was greater in those with unstable AAA (51.6% versus 23.3%). The probing depth (PD) and the