Driving in rain is very dangerous, and drivers seem not to drive properly whenever it rains. In such situations, the risk of driving increases on rainy days, especially after a prolonged dry period. This would be a problem for drivers steering on slippery roads. In this study, the effect of dry spells on road traffic accidents and resulting mortality in Rasht, Iran, located in the southern margin of the Caspian Sea, in a 3-yr period from 21 March 2014 to 19 March 2017 was examined using time series patterns. The results of the study showed that the first day after a dry spell had the greatest impact on road accidents and resulting injuries and deaths. It was also found that with increased length of a dry spell, the risk of accidents and related deaths and injuries rises.
Studying the relationship between crime and traffic accidents in different geographical regions is very critical since varying relationships have been reported to exist diverse areas. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between crime with injuries and deaths due to road traffic accidents in Iran. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, macro level panel data between 2007 and 2013 were used. The number of folders due to crimes in each province was used as explanatory variable to show the amount of crime in each province. Number of fatal and injury death used as outcome variables. The models were estimated using fixed effect panel regression estimator. Findings: The results of this study showed that the number of records in courts (Cr) had a significant positive relationship with fatal accidents (coefficient=0.006). In Injury Accidents Model, Cr coefficient was 0.008 and significant. In addition, GINI had positive relationship with fatal accidents (coefficient: 1.396) while it had no significant relationship with injury accidents. Originality/value: A positive association was found between crime and mortalities and morbidities due to traffic accidents. Traffic accidents and crimes derived from a similar nature. So traffic accidents could be categorized as crime and it is important to increase more prohibitions to decrease traffic accidents. Prevention programs should focus on population groups with high social distinction and criminals, especially traffic offenses.
Background: Adopting effective drowning prevention measures are dependent on collecting data on drowning rate, since drowning prevention requires the planning and policy-making on known risk factors. When interventions are carried out, data are still required to monitor and evaluate the evaluation of the strategy. Therefore, recording drowning cases accurately can be effective in its preventing. The purpose of this study was to provide the challenges of implementing a drowning registry. Methods: Various sessions were held with attendance of the experts from the related provincial organizations such as Red Crescent, EMS, Lifeguard, and Governor General Office, Ports and Shipping, among others, as well as the health experts from medical universities. The existing challenges were recognized using qualitative research and semi-structured interview method. All related challenges were mentioned and prepared through qualitative interviews with twenty experts. Finally, they were analyzed utilizing MAXQDA software. Results:The most important problems in implementing the drowning registration system included: 1. Lack of enough time to collect data on the registration system when providing emergency services on the beach 2. Lack of proper map and GPS system in identifying drowning locations 3. Lack of a single responsible organization for dealing with the beaches' issues 4-Lack of correspondence in organization involved in drowning in northern coastal provinces 5-Lack of sufficient information about important variables related to the registration system 6. The absence of the rescue forces in some areas other than the sea protected areas and the lack of access to clinical data on drowning in these zones at night hours 7. Need for more cooperation by the Forensic Medicine Organizations of provinces to provide data Conclusion: The drowning registration system has many challenges that can mostly be solved by providing appropriate funding and right registering of drowning and purchasing appropriate equipment.
Background: Drowning is considered a major health problem in the world. According to World Health Organization statistics, drowning is one of the 10 main causes of death in the age range of 1-24 years in each region, and the third cause of death resulted from unintentional injuries in the world. The purpose of the study is to analyze drowning peak hours to help promote prevention policies. Methods: The present study used drowning data of Guilan and Mazandaran provinces in summer. The study model was estimated using a semi-panel non-linear Poisson regression model. The number of deaths was sorted according to the hours of drowning in three years 2014, 2015, and 2016. Finally, the predicted graphs of the hours of mortality and the regression model were estimated. Results: The regression model showed that the relationship between daytime hours and drowning mortality had a second-order pattern. The mortality increases during daytime hours, then it decreases. The IRR of time variable was 2.66 and significant, indicating a mean growth of 266% per pass of each hour of daytime. The hourly second-order IRR was 0.9689 and significant, indicating a decreasing hourly rate of drowning. The predicted peak point of drowning was at 15 o'clock. Conclusion:The study showed drowning peak time occurs at noon when it is warming and the swimmer may be neglected. Therefore, we can educate and made the society, especially parents, aware of the issue to help prevent and reduce the frequency of drowning.
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