Hydroprocessing of
low-temperature coal tar (LTCT) for the production of clean fuel was
investigated over fluorinated NiW/Al2O3–SiO2 catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. A series of NiW/Al2O3–SiO2 catalysts with different F-loading
were prepared by incipient wetness coimpregnation and characterized
by various techniques such as nitrogen adsorption, FT-IR, XRD, SEM
TPD-NH3, and XPS. The effects on the yield, properties
of liquid products, and gas components from using fluorinated NiW/Al2O3–SiO2 catalysts were discussed.
In addition, coke formation was also evaluated by TG-DTG. The result
showed that the introduction of F influenced both acidity and active
phase while have little effect on crystalline structure of NiW/Al2O3–SiO2 catalysts. Lower F-loading
in the NiW/Al2O3–SiO2 catalysts
not only improved catalytic performance but also was helpful to improve
some of the physicochemical properties of liquid product including
dynamic viscosity, density, distillation range and hydrocarbon content,
and so on. The optimal F concentration to NiW/Al2O3–SiO2 is 1.0 wt %, at which the highest
naphtha and diesel yield was obtained due to its appropriate acid
distribution and more active phase. Meanwhile, liquid product produced
displayed the lowest N content (78.6 ug/g) and density (0.8507 g/mL).
Furthermore, compared with feedstock, phenols almost disappeared and
phenyl cycloalkanes (PCA) and cycloalkanes (CA) are rich in hydrogenated
product.
The catalytic synthesis from transesterification of dimethyl
carbonate
(DMC) and 1-pentanol (1-PeOH) over alkaline ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium
hydroxide ([bmIm]OH), as well as the optimal reaction conditions,
was studied. Results showed that [bmIm]OH exhibited high activity
and when the reaction time was 4 h, catalyst dosage was 2.0%, n(DMC):n(1-PeOH) was 1:4, and the dipentyl
carbonate (DPC) yield was up to 75.81%. After the alkaline ionic liquid
[bmIm]OH was used 5 times repeatedly, the catalytic activity still
remained at 94%.
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