In Event-B, people need to use control variables to constrain the order of events, which is a time-consuming and error-prone process. This paper presents a method of combining labeled transition system and iUML-B to complete the behavior modeling of system, which is more convenient and practical for engineers who are accustomed to using the automaton to build a system behavior model. First, we use labeled transition system to establish the behavior model of the system. Then we simulate and verify the event traces of the labeled transition system behavior model. Finally, we convert labeled transition system model into iUML-B state machine and use it to generate the corresponding control flow model. We use Abrial’s bounded retransmission protocol to demonstrate the practicality of our approach. The simulation results show that the system behavior model generated by the iUML-B state machine has the same event trace as the corresponding labeled transition system model.
Developing the formal model based on the Event-B design pattern is an excellent method to improve the development efficiency of the embedded control system and improve the reusability of the formal model. However, the instantiation of the Event-B design pattern requires the manual writing of a large number of model codes, which brings a great deal of learning cost and coding burden to the engineering staff. In this paper, we propose a modelling approach for formal development of control systems based on the application of iUML-B state machine patterns to model the four synchronization patterns of the typical control system. Then, we use the instantiation of iUML-B pattern state machine to establish a typical multilevel control system's Event-B model. The simulation results show that the event trace of the model obtained using our method is the same as that of the corresponding model obtained using the traditional Event-B design pattern. Compared with the traditional Event-B design pattern method, our method can greatly reduce the manual coding burden in the modelling process. The system model expressed using the iUML-B pattern state machine can be easily mapped to the labelled transition system so as to verify the behavioural properties of the model.
Event-B is a formal modeling language that is very suitable for software engineering, but it lacks the ability of modeling time. Researchers have proposed some methods for modeling time constraints in Event-B. The limitations with existing methods are that, first of all, the existing research work lacks a systematic time refinement framework based on Event-B; secondly, the existing methods only model time in the Event-B framework and cannot be smoothly converted to automata-based models such as timed automata that facilitate the verification of time properties. These limitations make it more difficult to model and verify real-time systems with Event-B because it is very time-consuming to prove time properties in the Event-B framework. In this paper, we firstly proposed a systematic time refinement framework to express and refine time constraints in Event-B. Secondly, we also proposed various vertical refinement patterns and horizontal extension patterns to guide modelers to refine the Event-B real-time model step by step. Finally, we use a real-time system case to demonstrate the practicality of our method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can make the real-time system modeling in Event-B more convenient and the models are easier to convert to the timed automata model, thereby facilitating the verification of various time properties.
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