In this paper, some observations on Camellia are presented, by which the Square attack and the Collision attack are improved. 11round 256-bit Camellia without F L function is breakable with complexity of 2 250 encryptions. 9-round 128-bit Camellia without F L function is breakable with the complexity of 2 90 encryptions. And 10-round 256bit Camellia with F L function is breakable with the complexity of 2 210 encryptions and 9-round 128-bit Camellia with F L function is breakable with the complexity of 2 122 encryptions. These results are better than any other known results. It concludes that the most efficient attack on Camellia is Square attack.
In this paper, a square like attack on Camellia is presented, by which 9-round 128-bit key Camellia without F L/F L −1 functions layer and whitening is breakable with complexity of 2 86.9 encryptions and 2 66 data and 12-round 256-bit key Camellia without F L/F L −1 function layer and whitening is breakable with the complexity of 2 250.8 encryptions and 2 66 data. And we can also apply such method to block cipher having XORing sBoxes in diffusion layer.
Wheat gluten proteins are good raw materials for preparing fibers due to their excellent viscoelasticity. However, protein fibers made directly from wheat gluten have poor mechanical properties. In this paper, transglutaminase was used to induce the glycosylation reaction between wheat gluten proteins and carboxymethyl chitosan. The glycated proteins were then made into fibers by wet spinning. After glycosylation modification, the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the wheat gluten protein fibers (WGPF) improved by 43% and 127%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses revealed that the glycosylation-modified WGPF molecules contained saccharide portions, which confirms the covalent attachment of carboxymethyl chitosan to the wheat gluten protein. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the number of pores in the cross-section of the modified WGPF was lower than that in the unmodified WGPF. The thermal stability and dyeability of the modified WGPF were also improved.
Cashmere, a keratinised product of secondary hair follicles (SHFs) in cashmere goats, holds an important place in international high-end textiles. However, research on the complex molecular and signal regulation during the development and growth of hair follicles (HFs), which is essential for the development of the cashmere industry, is limited. Moreover, increasing evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in HF development. Herein, we systematically investigated a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network mediated by circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in skin samples of cashmere goat embryos, using whole-transcriptome sequencing technology. We obtained 6468, 394, and 239 significantly differentially expressed mRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs, respectively. These identified RNAs were further used to construct a ceRNA regulatory network, mediated by circRNAs, for cashmere goats at a late stage of HF development. Among the molecular species identified, miR-184 and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 10 exhibited competitive targeted interactions. In secondary HF dermal papilla cells (SHF-DPCs), miR-184 promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and alters the cell cycle via the competitive release of FGF10. This study reports that FGF10 and its interaction with ncRNAs significantly affect SHF-DPCs, providing a reference for research on the biology of HFs in cashmere goats and other mammals.
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