Background: The way to improve the stability of jeringau rhizome essential oils is microencapsulation using β-cyclodextrin.
Objective: To determine the efficiency of coating the jeringau rhizome essential oil with β-cyclodextrin and examine its thermostability.
Method: The microencapsulation method used was freeze-drying with a ratio of 1:20 and 1:30.
Results: The microcapsule efficiency at the ratio of 1:20 and 1:30 was 81.67% and 60.70%, respectively. The thermostability test results showed that the degradation constant of 1:20 microcapsule at 50oC and ambient temperature was 0.0054 and 0.0029, respectively, with a half-life of 128.33 hours and 238.97 hours. Meanwhile, the degradation constant of 1:30 microcapsule was 0.0182 and 0.0080, with a half-life of 38.07 hours and 86.63 hours.
Conclusion: The highest efficiency is in the ratio of 1:20 with a percentage of 81.67%. In the thermostability test, the 1:20 microcapsule was better protected and had a longer half-life than the 1:30 microcapsule.
Background: Quality, safety, and efficacy are required in pharmaceutical preparations on the market. The role of tested active substances and additives in producing a product formula that is stable, consistent, and meets standards. Solubility is an important parameter for achieving systemic drug concentration and pharmacological response. Cocrystals, for example, have been studied extensively to increase their solubility. Solvent-drop grinding is used to combine active pharmaceutical substances with co-formers into a single crystal unit. Gallic acid is an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, and neuroprotective chemical compound. It is soluble in water thus used to make cocrystals. Also, tartaric acid is crystallised, inert, and easily soluble in water, so it is a natural choice as a co-former.
Objectives: Solvent-drop grinding was used to characterise the gallic acid cocrystal formation with tartaric acid co-former, and the effect of gallic acid cocrystal formation with tartaric acid as a co-former was tested using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Method: The ratios of gallic acid cocrystals to tartaric acid co-formers were 1:0, 1:1, and 2:1. After crushing gallic and tartaric acids for four minutes, a few drops of ethanol solvent were added until the mixture was homogeneous.
Result: There was an increase in the cocrystal solubility test. The presence of hydrogen bonds between the co-formers of gallic and tartaric acids is indicated by a wavenumber shift in the cocrystal's infrared spectrum. Furthermore, each cocrystal creates a new peak in the X-ray pattern, indicating that hydrogen bonds formed cocrystals.
Conclusion: The co-crystallisation method can increase the solubility of gallic acid in water by 1.21 times.
Biodegradable plastic can be an alternative to reduce conventional plastics which is an environmental problem because it is easy to decompose. This research aims to obtain formulas and produce of wraps and sachets from biodegradable products made from sodium alginate and to know the comparison of their quality with conventional plastics. There was five formula, the first and fifth used sodium alginate, the second until the fourth used sodium alginate mixed with cassava, corn or glutinous starch. These formulas produced thin, transparent, clear to slightly yellowish bioplastics sheets which were then made sachets and wraps. These bioplastics had a tensile strength value of 0.006-0.028 MPa, elongation of 4-55%, the thickness of 0,07-0,12 mm, and water absorption of 53-63,36%. The antioxidant tests showed that bioplastics require the addition of antioxidants and cannot yet encase water-containing or hygroscopic materials. The Biodegradability tests showed that bioplastics would decompose within 1-10 day when exposed to water, or within 30 days in moist soil or sand.
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