No abstract

Clinically effective subcutaneous immunotherapy with a standardized HDM Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus preparation results in decreased numbers of IL-4+ T cells and expansion of CD4+IL-10+ T cells expressing a peripheral tissue trafficking phenotype. The co-localization of IL-10+ staining to CD4+CD25+ T cells is consistent with the induction of a T regulatory cell population by SIT.

This study establishes the novel finding that TGF-beta mediates the immunological suppression seen early in clinically effective sublingual HDM immunotherapy in addition to an increase in Tregs with suppressor function. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00250263).

Complications of vascular access are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. 1 It is widely accepted that an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the optimal form of vascular access, with better patency and lower infection rates than arteriovenous grafts and central