The objective of this study was to evaluate the ocular effects, the feasibility and the quality of retrobulbar block using the inferior temporal technique with different local anesthetics applied with the Tuohy epidural needle in dogs. Eight dogs were included in the experiment and each one was studied four times, with interval of 15 days between the treatments: Lido -2% lidocaine, Ropi -0.75% ropivacaine, Bupi -0.5% racemic bupivacaine and Levo -0.75% levobupivacaine. Except for the ropivacaine, all of the local anesthetics contained epinephrine at 1:200.000. The blocks were performed in the right eyes immediately after anesthetic induction, and the left eyes were not blocked and were used as controls. The intraocular pressure, tear production and corneal sensitivity were evaluated before any procedure (T0), 30 min after premedication (TMPA), 30 min after anesthetic induction (T30), after recovery from anesthesia (TREC), every 60 min up to 360 min and 12 and 24 h after the block. The pupil diameter was evaluated at the same time points, excepted at T0. The maximum pupillary dilatation was observed in Lido group at T120 followed by Ropi at TREC, and Bupi and Levo at T30. All of the anesthetics maintained eye pressure within acceptable levels for normal dogs and significantly reduced tear production. Tear production returned earliest in group Lido, followed by Bupi, Ropi and Levo. The corneal sensitivity returned earliest in group Lido, followed by Ropi, Bupi and Levo. The retrobulbar block using the temporal inferior technique proved to be feasible and safe, although lubrication of the ocular surface is suggested. Key words: Bupivacaine, dogs, levobupivacaine, lidocaine, ropivacaine ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos oculares, a exequibilidade e qualidade do bloqueio retrobulbar pela técnica inferior temporal, em cães, com diferentes anestésicos locais empregando-se agulha epidural de Tuohy. Oito cães foram incluídos no experimento e cada um foi estudado quatro vezes, com intervalo de 15 dias entre os tratamentos: Lido -lidocaína a 2%; Ropi -ropivacaína a 0,5%, Bupi -bupivacaína racêmica a 0,5% e Levo -levobupivacaína a 0,75%. Com exceção da ropivacaína, todos os anestésicos continham epinefrina 1:200.000. Os bloqueios foram realizados nos olhos direitos dos animais imediatamente após a indução anestésica, e os olhos esquerdos, não bloqueados, foram utilizados como controle. Avaliou-se a pressão intraocular, a produção lacrimal e a sensibilidade corneal antes de qualquer procedimento (T0), 30 min após a medicação pré-anestésica (TMPA), 30 min após a indução anestésica (T30), após a recuperação da anestesia (TREC), a cada 60 min até 360 min e 12 e 24 h após o bloqueio. O diâmetro pupilar foi avaliado nos mesmos momentos, exceto no T0. A máxima dilatação pupilar foi observada no grupo Lido seguida pelos grupos Ropi, Bupi e Levo. Todos os anestésicos mantiveram a pressão ocular dentro dos níveis normais para cães e reduziram significativamente a produção lacrimal. A produção lacrimal reto...

RESUMOEm alguns criatórios os métodos de orquiectomia em eqüinos ainda são realizados por leigos e de forma empírica, sem atenção à higiene e a hemostasia preventiva dos vasos que compõem o cordão espermático, resultando muitas vezes em óbito do animal. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da abraçadeira de náilon, na orquiectomia em eqüinos, como método hemostático, possíveis complicações pós-operatórias e o custo do procedimento. Foram empregados 24 animais machos não castrados, sem raça definida (SRD), clinicamente saudáveis, com peso corporal variando entre 300 kg e 400 kg e faixa etária entre três a oito anos. Avaliou-se os resultados dos procedimentos cirúrgicos por meio de exames clínicos, hematológicos e a ocorrência de complicações trans e pós-operatórias. Além da presença de edema nos eqüinos de todos os grupos, ocorreu um óbito quando se utilizou o emasculador. A abraçadeira de náilon subjetivamente avaliada mostrou-se resistente a tração exercida no local da aplicação e quando comparada ao uso do emasculador e categute apresentou menor custo e reduziu o tempo de duração do procedimento.Descritores: castração, eqüino, hemostasia, poliamida náilon. ABSTRACTIn some horse breeding farms, the orchiectomy methods is still being practiced not scientifically by unprofessional people, without attention to hygiene and preventive hemostasy of the vessel from the spermatic cord, which usually results in death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the nylon clamp as an hemostatic method on the orchiectomy in equines, to describe possible post operative complications and the cost of the surgical procedure. 24 non castrated male equines, not defined breed, clinically health, between 300 and 400 kg of corporal weight and between three and eight years old were studied. The results of the surgical procedures were evaluated by clinical and hematologic exams and the occurrence of trans and post operative complications. There was edema in the animals of all groups and one death when the emasculator was employed. The nylon clamp was subjectively evaluated and have shown resistance to traction upon the place of the ligature when compared to the use the emasculator and catgut, lower cost and have decreased the time of surgical procedure. . Emprego da abraçadeira de náilon na orquiectomia em eqüinos.Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 34: 261-266.

No abstract

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of ozonized solutions on tissue wound repair in rats. Treatments consisted of ozonized water (GA), 0.9% sodium chloride (GCL), ozonized oil (GO), and 0.2% allantoin cream (GAL). The morphometric evaluation showed that wounds of the GA group presented a higher degree of retraction (p<0.05) at three and eight days of treatment (37.96 and 84.81%, respectively). Picrosirius red staining showed that groups GA and GO presented higher deposition (p<0.05) of type I collagen at 15 and 22 days of treatment, respectively. The neovascularization was higher in wounds of group GO on days 3, 8, and 15 (p<0.05), with higher VEGF immunostaining. (p<0.05). Thus, ozonized water enhances wound retraction and assists in the maturation and remodeling phase, while ozonized oil promotes higher neovascularization during tissue repair and higher deposition of type I collagen from the third week of treatment.

No abstract

The diaphragmatic flaps are suitable on the restoring of continuity in dog's thoracic esophagus.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intratesticular injection of calcium chloride (CaCl ) combined with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as a chemical sterilization in dogs. Twelve dogs were divided into two groups: the treated group (n = 6), in which 15 mg/kg of a 7.5% CaCl solution combined with 0.5% DMSO was injected into each testicle (volume range 1.0-4.76 ml); and a control group (n = 6) that received the same volume/kg of 0.9% sodium chloride solution (NaCl). Semen characteristics pre- and post-treatment were evaluated. Serum testosterone concentration was determined before the injection (D-1) and at 15 (D15), 30 (D30) and 60 (D60) days after intratesticular injection. Testicle sizes and local pain were evaluated for 7 consecutive days (D1 to D7) and at D15, D30 and D60 after injection. At D60, testicle histological evaluation was performed after orchiectomy. No pain was observed by testicular palpation, with the exception of one dog in the treated group; this dog then received analgesic therapy. An increase in testicular volume was evident within 24 hr after treatment, followed by gradual reduction for 3 weeks. Five of 6 dogs from the treated group presented azoospermia at D15; the remaining dog presented at D30. There was no significant difference in testosterone concentrations in the treated group during the experimental period. Histological evaluation showed testicular degenerative lesions, especially at the proximal and middle portions. The results indicated that one injection of 7.5% CaCl combined with 0.5% DMSO into each testis is a viable alternative for canine sterilization.

RESUMOAvaliou-se a viabilidade do emprego da cartilagem auricular bovina conservada em glutaraldeído a 4% na hernioplastia experimental, empregando-se seis coelhos adultos, machos, da raça Nova Zelândia. Para obtenção da hérnia incisional, removeu-se um segmento elíptico de 3cm de comprimento por 1cm de largura, no ponto central à primeira incisão, envolvendo fáscia e tecido muscular, na região da cicatriz umbilical. Dois animais de cada vez foram sacrificados aos 15, 30 e 45 dias após a cirurgia. Nos sacrificados aos 15 dias, observaram-se áreas focais de inflamação, caracterizadas por abscesso e fístula. À microscopia, observou-se área de inflamação e necrose próxima à periferia do implante. Nas amostras colhidas dos animais sacrificados aos 30 dias, não foram evidenciadas alterações clínicas relevantes. Desses, um animal apresentou à microscopia intensa proliferação fibroblástica, moderada neovascularização e células inflamatórias predominantemente mononucleares. Dos sacrificados aos 45 dias, em um ocorreu aderência de alça intestinal ao implante. É possível inferir que o material implantado apresentou satisfatória compatibilidade com o tecido receptor. Conclui-se que o implante de cartilagem auricular bovina conservada na hernioplastia experimental em coelhos apresentou evidências de boa integração tecidual e cicatrização, não havendo eliminação do material implantado. Palavras