The non-ossifying fibroma (NOF) is a benign, non-neoplastic lesion most commonly seen in the metaphyses of the long bones in children. While rare, the NOF has been reported in the mandible. The NOF in the extra-gnathic skeleton has a characteristic radiographic appearance, is typically asymptomatic and has a variable histologic make-up. Correlation of the radiographic appearance, clinical presentation and histopathology allows for differentiation of the NOF from odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts and tumors. We report a new case of this interesting entity and review the radiographic, clinical and histologic features of the gnathic NOF reported in the literature. A thorough search of the English language literature returned a total of 19 cases of NOF involving the gnathic bones.

Despite the use of various regimens, none of the preventive antifungal strategies used in this study resulted in a significant difference in the rate of development of an oral candidiasis in patients with OLP treated with steroids.

Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNA) modulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels and are involved in tumorigenesis. They can form complex secondary and tertiary structures and have been shown to act as precursors, enhancers, reservoirs and decoys in the complex endogenous RNA network. They were first reported in relation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in 2013. Here, we summarise the functional roles and pathways of the most commonly studied lncRNAs in OSCC. Existing research demonstrates the involvement of lncRNA within pivotal pathways leading to the development and spread of OSCC, including interactions with key cancer‐associated microRNAs such as miR‐21. The number of studies on lncRNA and OSCC remains limited in this new field. As evidence grows, the tissue‐specific expression patterns of lncRNAs should further advance our understanding of the altered regulatory networks in OSCC and possibly reveal new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Background Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in regulating gene expression pertaining to cell proliferation, survival, migration and genomic stability. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs is implicated in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Objectives To explore, map and summarize the extent of evidence from clinical studies investigating the differential expression of lncRNAs in oral/tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were used as search engines. Clinical, full‐length, English language studies were included. PRISMA‐ScR protocol was used to evaluate and present results. The present scoping review summarizes relationships of the differential expression of lncRNAs with the presence of tumour and with clinicopathological features including survival. Results Almost half of the investigated transcripts have been explored in more than one study, yet not always with consistent results. The collected data were also compared to the limited studies investigating oral epithelial dysplasia. Data are not easily comparable, first because of different methods used to define what differential expression is, and second because only a limited number of studies performed multivariate analyses to identify clinicopathological features associated with the differentially expressed lncRNAs. Conclusions Standard methods and more appropriate data analyses are needed in order to achieve reliable results from future studies.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are commonly recognized in the UnitedStates with associations to cancers of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx; the incidence of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in the United States is on the rise. 1 The aims of this scoping review were to examine the curricula of pre-doctoral dental students with respect to dental students: (1) awareness of the connection between OPC and HPV; (2) readiness to screen for OPC; and (3) ability to deliver patient education about OPC and its relation to HPV. We also codified published educational materials related to OPC and HPV for pre-doctoral dental students. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCO), and Dissertation Abstracts-ProQuest. After screening titles and abstracts, we selected 36 articles for full text review. Only articles reporting pre-doctoral dental training in HPV and OPC were included in the review, which resulted in 15 articles being excluded from the study. Only two studies in this review specifically discussed a curriculum that would involve educating dental students on HPV-related OPC. This scoping review also found that the majority of existing training opportunities for OPC and HPV are through post-graduate continuing education. To address these deficiencies, competencies regarding the HPV-OPC connection should be included within pre-doctoral dental training programs. As such, we identified four key strategies for advancing HPV-OPC content within pre-doctoral dental training curricula. K E Y W O R D Shuman papillomavirus, oropharyngeal cancer, pre-doctoral dental education INTRODUCTIONHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is commonly recognized in the United States with associations to cancers of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx; the incidence of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in the US is on the rise. [1][2][3] This increase is thought to be largely driven by HPV infection that occurs in the oropharynx (i.e., part of the throat behind the oral cavity, including the base of the tongue, soft palate, and palatine and lingual tonsils). 1 Although HPV infection is considered a major risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer, 4 most cases of HPV infection

An 11‐year‐old male presented with a localised erythematous gingival enlargement of the anterior maxillary gingiva and an associated deep facial pocket. Biopsy specimens were obtained. Histopathological examination of the submitted tissue showed a cystic lining consisting of proliferating odontogenic epithelium with spindle‐shaped cells forming small ductules and well‐formed duct‐like structures lined by pseudo‐stratified columnar epithelium. A diagnosis of peripheral adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (PAOT) was rendered. The PAOT is a rare entity that can present as an erythematous gingival swelling, similar to an epulis or fibroma. Dentists should be aware that unusual pathological entities can have a variety of presentations and that definitive diagnosis may require submission of tissue for histopathological examination.

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