Background: The eco-friendly power of hydrogen peroxide oxidant produced water that was the only by-product after oxidation. Unfortunately, its oxidation power towards chalcones and chalcones analogs was substantially low, and therefore, it was normally used together with a catalyst or converted to hydroperoxides in order to improve its oxidation power.Objective: This research aimed to study epoxidation chemistry. Hence, hydrogen peroxide was used as a potential oxidant for epoxidation with different techniques and catalysts. Methodology: Advantageous effects of (reline) (derived from two moles of choline chloride and one mole of urea) as a deep eutectic solvent (DES) or the gold (Au) catalyst nanoparticles (NPs) supported on titanium oxide (Au-TiO2) on the chalcone derivatives of peroxidation was studied under several procedure conditions using hydrogen peroxide/sodium bicarbonate to produce novel oxiranes (I-VI). Results and Discussion: Acceptable results were obtained by method (B) using hydrogen peroxide/sodium bicarbonate -(reline) mixture, which gave 87-90% peroxidation results in a short time (4 h) in comparison with less than 86% and 24 h of the conventional method (A), while using the Au NPs supported on titanium oxide (Au-TiO2); that is, Method (C) gave the best percentage yield of 90-95 % and time (about 2 h), which is about half of that of (Reline) mixture. Such a condition may be due to high activation of hydrogen peroxide by Au and titanium oxide nanoparticles and low viscosity of the reaction mixture. Conclusions: The chalcones epoxidations would convince chemists that using the deep eutectic solvent (Reline) and the Ausupported on titanium oxide NPs for catalysing these reactions are techniques of great importance in various branches of oxidation.

Synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (A 1 ) is performed from the reaction of o-aminothiophenol and carbon disulfide CS 2 in ethanol under basic condition. Compound (A 1 ) is reacted with chloro acetyl chloride to give compound (A 2 ). Hydrazide acid compound (A 3 ) is obtained from the reaction of compound (A 2 ) with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol under reflux in the presence of glacial acetic acid .The reaction of hydrazide acid compound (A 3 ) with ethyl acetoacetate gives pyrazole compound (A 4 ). The new hydrazone compound (A 5 ) was prepared from the reaction of compound (A 3 ) with benzaldehyde. Reaction of compound (A 3 ) with thiourea dissolved in ethanol gave 2-amino thiazole compounds(A 6 ) which was used the reaction with 4-N,N-dimethyl benzaldehyde to yield compound hydrazone (A 7 ).While, the reaction of compound (A 2 ) with urea in the presence of ethanol gave 2-amino oxazole compounds (A 8 ) which was used in the reaction with 3-hydroxy -4 -methoxy benzaldehyde to yield hydrazone (A 9 ). The structures of the prepared compounds were established by spectral ( 1 H-NMR,Elemental analysis (C.H.N-),and FT-IR. In addition to systematic characterization of some active functional groups in these compounds, antibacterial activity (Esheriechia coli, Bacillus subtilis ) for some of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against two types of fugal (Candida albicans ) , the synthesized compounds.

In this work, a series of novel Mannich's bases incorporated with Ibuprofen core and Biginelli derivatives have been reported. The synthesis process was dependent on linking Ibuprofen hydrazone with Isatin to Biginelli derivatives via methylene group of formaldehyde. The new compounds have been characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and the physical properties.