The facile hydrolysis of toxic organophosphorus compounds is of interest since these compounds have been used as insecticides or potent chemical warfare agents The high reactivity of oximate ions associated with micelle forming molecules against Paraoxon (0,O-diethyl 0-paranitrophenylphosphate) is tested with new N-alkyl hydroximinomethylpyridinium salts The position of the hydroximinomethyl fonction (ortho meta or para), the length of the alkyl chain and the nature of the anion are discussed Certains organophosphores derives des acides phosphoniques et phosphoriques sont couramment utilises comme insecticides (1) ou constituent des agents potentiels de guerre chimique (2). On a donc interbt a posseder des reactifs susceptibles de detruire rapidement ces esters phosphores, don! la toxicite a ete correlee a leur reactivite chimique et plus particulierement a leur vitesse d'hydrolyse. Parml ces reactifs. il a ete mis en evidence recemment la serie des peracides (3, celle des perborates -549 -
New peroxycarboxyclic and peroxyacetic acids have been tested for the destruction of some organophosphorus compounds and mustards. The peroxyacids used have monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic structures. These are very reactive against paraoxon or HD and the addition of certain surfactants enhances the reaction rate. Very short half-live times are obtained with these compounds.Nos travaux precedents sur la destruction de toxiques insecticides ou de guerre, organophosphores ou soufres, ont mis en evidence l'interet des peracides(1-4).Ces produits sont actuellement les meilleurs dgcontaminants connus, nettement supbrieurs a d'autres nuclCophiles du type hydroxymates(5) ou oximates(6). Les peracides sont en effet capables de detruire totalement les toxiques organophosphores et/ou soufres rapidement, sans aucune agressivitb, ou attaque des materiaux trait&.Rappelons par exemple que la destruction du paraoxon (0,O-diethyl 0-paranitrophenyl phosphate), insecticide bien connu permet d'obtenir avec les peracides, des produits atoxiques, la reaction se formule de la manisre suivante : RC03H + (EtO)2 -0 -6)-NO2 0 V 0-Na+ + (EtO)2 P-0-Na+
A new peroxyacid-ester series has been obtained and used in the destruction of toxic agents These structures Q R O C O C~H~C O~H and ROCO(CH2),,,C03H are more stable than the unsubstituted cornpourids The reaction with paraoxon (0,O-diethyl 0-paranitrophenylphosphate) and HD (2,2'-dichlorodiethyIsuifide) goes to completion in a very short time. The influence of the R group and the length of the chain (n = 2 12) has been studied. The addition of some long chain tetraalkyl-ammonium salts enhances the rate of the reaction by micellar catalysis.Nos etudes recentes dans la destruction de divers toxiques organophosphores ou organosoufres ont mis en evidence I'interbt des peracides (1-3). En effet. ces produits sont susceptibles de detruire totalmenl rapidement et sans agressivite pour le "materiel fragile" des insecticides du type paraoxon (0 0-diethyl 0-paranitrophenylphosphate) ou des toxiques de guerre de la famille du VX [(O-ethyl S-diisopropylamino ethyl) methyl-phosphothiolate] ou I'yperite (dichloro-2,2' diethylsulfure).
Compares a d'autres decontaminants des familles plus classiques etudiees par ailleurs les acides hydroxamiques (4), les oximes (5). les perborates (6).
The formation of peroxyacids by the reaction of a persalt (sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, ...) with an initiator (TAED, TAGU, NOES, ISNOBS, PAG, acylsugars) has been developed. The reactivity of these peroxyacids generated "in situ" has been studied in the destruction of paraoxon (0,O-diethyl 0paranitrophenylphosphate) with some long chain tetraalkylammonium salts.
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