En la década del treinta se abre un nuevo período para la literatura de Roberto Arlt. Así, puede considerarse el año 1932 como el punto clave del cambio pues constituye, en primer lugar, el momento en el que Arlt cierra el ciclo novelístico ―<i>El amor brujo</i> (1932) es su última novela publicada― y ese mismo año es también el de su ingreso a la producción dramática por impulso de Leónidas Barletta. El 3 de marzo de 1932, Arlt se integra con una adaptación de “El humillado”, fragmento de <i>Los siete locos</i>, al Teatro del Pueblo fundado por Barletta y desde entonces participa ―con algunas disidencias como se verá más adelante― en este proyecto teatral alternativo que ofrece un lugar a los dramaturgos argentinos y que ―orientado por una idea didáctica del teatro inspirada en el modelo de Romain Rolland―, intenta “realizar experiencias de teatro moderno para salvar el envilecido arte teatral y llevar a las masas el arte en general, con el objeto de propender a la elevación de nuestro pueblo”. A partir, entonces, de 1932 y hasta 1942 el escritor se orienta de lleno al teatro, a la cuentística y continúa su colaboración con las notas que desde 1928 se publican en el diario <i>El Mundo</i>. Por otra parte, en esta etapa sus obras se modifican y aparecen nuevos modos de representación que, si bien en muchos casos están en germen en los textos previos, se distancian de los que, desde los años veinte y con “Las ciencias ocultas en la ciudad de Buenos Aires” (1920), <i>El juguete rabioso</i>(1926) y <i>Los siete locos-Los lanzallamas</i> (1929-1931) Arlt venía ensayando. Lo fantástico, lo maravilloso, el relato de viajes y aventuras, el policial, y los cuentos de espionaje, son algunos de esos modos. Por lo tanto, en esta segunda etapa de su producción, la literatura de Arlt presenta una textualidad que problematiza su literatura previa y que cuestiona las afirmaciones de la crítica que se sostienen desplazando y subestimando este período en sus análisis. En este marco, las estrategias y los procesos que los textos llevan a cabo para delimitar su lugar en la literatura se modifican y reorganizan a la luz de los problemas culturales, políticos y, sobre todo, estéticos del período. Se intenta, entonces, demostrar que en los años treinta Arlt reestructura su proyecto literario, considerar las nuevas orientaciones que despliega en las ficciones, en las crónicas periodísticas y en las obras teatrales, y determinar el modo en que los textos del último Arlt introducen nuevas particularidades y establecen lineamientos distintivos en el campo cultural y literario de la época.
After the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak, many tourist destinations promoted a safe, COVID-free image to attract tourists. The main purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze the effect that the image of a place as a safe tourist destination (STD)—in our case, Greece—can have on the decision-making processes of tourists who were willing to take summer holidays in 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the relationships between destination safety perceptions, trust, attractive attributes of destinations, travel intentions, and health-protective behavior for domestic and inbound tourists from Spain. This study confirms differences in destination safety perceptions among domestic and inbound tourists from countries that have suffered significant negative impacts due to the novel coronavirus.
Madrid Nuevo Norte (Madrid New North) is an urban redevelopment program applied in the city of Madrid in Spain. Regarding this, the aim of this paper is twofold: firstly, the project examines if the Nuevo Norte project is aligned with the principles of sustainability. Secondly, the paper investigates the impact of Nuevo Norte on the application of city marketing strategies in Madrid. For those purposes, questionnaires were distributed through the Internet to 122 urban developers and planners located in the Spanish capital. The results indicated that overall, Nuevo Norte contributes to the sustainable development of Madrid; however, concerns were identified regarding the budget and the timeline of the project. In addition, Madrid Nuevo Norte provides significant opportunities to local authorities to implement sustainable city marketing strategies, aiming to improve the competitiveness and the quality of life in the city of Madrid. To this end, it seems that city marketing, through the construction of mega projects, should contribute to sustainability, ensuring a better life for local residents and communities in general. The research is expected to assist local authorities in Spain to harness the potential of mega projects such as Nuevo Norte in designing city marketing strategies and to promote Madrid in an international context as a city that gives emphasis in urban sustainability.
The main purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze the effect that the image of a place, in our case Greece, can have as a STD in the decision-making process for Spanish tourists' who will take summer holidays in 2020, amid covid19 pandemic. Data collected between 15 th of June and 31 st of July after the first wave of Covid-19 outbreak, when the Greek authorities promoted Greece as a Safe Tourist Destination to attract tourists. Results indicate that Spanish tourist consider Greece as a Safe Tourist Destination. The successful management of the Covid-19 pandemic compared to other countries and the low rates of Covid-19 cases strongly correlated to the image of Greece as a STD.
There is a wide academic literature that deals with the term Country Brand, but nevertheless, it has not been sufficiently studied the country as a powerful tourism brand. The importance of the tourism industry for many countries is indisputable, which leads to generating a brand identity of a specific tourist destination: the country. The present study is conducted among 465 millenials placed at Spain which are a very interesting segment due to their principal motivations are travelling and also are the near future decisions makers (Ng & McGinnis, 2015). The empirical research has been conducted in Spain and it will be replicated in Turkish soon. The goal of this work is to find out the main drivers that allow build a powerful tourism country brand in the millennial segment. The statistical analysis is conducted with Principal Components Factor Analysis Method that permit to discover the main underlying drivers. 11 main underlying factors, than explain more than 65% of the total explained variance, are found with a good adjustment. This factors represents the main drivers to build a strong tourism brand country. Although the univariate analysis carried out concludes that a key factor when evaluating a country like a tourism destination is security and safety, the factorial analysis reveals that the underlying driver that explains the greater percentage of the variance (16.65%) is the economic strength of the country, among other factors. Discovering the main factors in the evaluation of millennials about a country as a tourist destination allow to detect the most important drivers that determine the decision to travel to a country on the millennial segment and, therefore, can help to build a powerful tourism brand country. The main originality of this work is to develop the concept of country-brand as a tourist destination and apply it to the millennial segment. The main limitation of this study is that it is based on a sample of millenials placed in Spain, we can apply this study to other segments of population in other countries.
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