Introduction: Morbid obesity decreases considerably the hope and quality of life. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of exercise with multidisciplinary support on nutritional status, the cardio respiratory fitness and blood pressure of the morbidly obese candidates for surgery to bariatric. Material and methods: Twelve women and one man between the age of 18 and 60 candidates to bariatric surgery, 10 patients with morbid obesity and 3 with obesity and comorbidities, were subjected to a 5-month program of physical exercise with nutritional education and psychological support. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), contour waist (CW), cardio respiratory fitness, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: The average age of participants was 49.92 years, average height was 1.62 m. All the variables in the study improved significantly (p < 0.05): weight (p = 0.000), BMI (p = 0.000), CW (p = 0.005), cardio respiratory fitness (p = 0.009), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.006) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.010). Cardio respiratory fitness increased by 9.17%, the diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure decreased by 5.16% and 7.68% respectively. The BMI decreased by 8.39% and the CC a 6.63%. Conclusions: The program improved levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and cardio respiratory fitness. This was supplemented by the significant weight loss in the participants of this research. Physical exercise with disciplinary support demonstrated benefits for the preoperative treatment producing favorable adaptations in cardiovascular risk factors.Variaciones en el estado nutricional, presión arterial y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria de obesos candidatos a cirugía bariátrica: beneficios del ejercicio físico con apoyo multidisciplinar Variations in the nutritional status, blood pressure, and cardio respiratory fitness of the morbidly obese candidates for bariatric surgery: Benefits of physical exercise with disciplinary support
Objective: To review and update epidemiological data on type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Spain and four Latin American countries: Colombia, Mexico, Chile, and Argentina. Methods: Literature was reviewed by a search of PubMed, publications of the Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, International Diabetes Federation, and other public health agencies of each respective country. Results: Of the five countries above, Mexico (13.6%) had the highest prevalence of diabetes, followed by Spain (10.4%). Within these countries, significant differences between urban and rural areas were observed (7.8% and 1.4%, respectively). Diabetes consumes between 7% and 15% of the total expenditure of these countries' national health budgets. Mortality due to this disease has been reduced in different countries, demonstrating the success of measures taken to control this situation. Conclusion: The literature shows that despite different eating habits and environments, Spain and these Latin American countries share a comparable magnitude of the T2D problem. Therefore, it might be worthwhile to implement similar effective educational programmes to solve it.
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